Many of us believe that a good workout has to leave us completely exhausted and drenched in sweat. But is that the only way? Like many other things in life, exercise is also different for everyone. The best way to go about exercising is finding out your priorities and goals. If you want faster results and do not mind intense workouts, tailor your time and workouts according to that. But what about people who do like exhausting workouts and like to take things slow? Exercise doesn't need to be a grueling test of endurance. There's a gentler way to get fit, and it's called Low-Intensity Interval Training, or LIIT. This approach lowers your effort level while still helping you reach your fitness goals.

What is LIIT?

The Cleveland Clinic explains that the main idea behind LIIT is to exercise for longer stretches of time at a low to moderate effort level, with short breaks built in for you to recover. You'll definitely feel like you're doing something, and your body will be working, but you won't push yourself too hard or feel completely wiped out. During a LIIT workout, you should be able to:

• Talk comfortably and hold a conversation without getting out of breath. If you're gasping for air, you're probably pushing too hard for LIIT.
• Keep your heart rate in a comfortable zone, specifically what's called Zone 2. This means your heart is beating at roughly 60% to 70% of its maximum rate during exercise. (Imagine a scale from 1 to 5 for how hard your heart is working; Zone 2 is on the lower, easier end.)
• LIIT requires less energy than most other workouts. The goal is to challenge yourself just enough at an effort level you can comfortably keep up for a longer time. It’s about being consistent and sustainable, rather than super intense.

Gentler Approach to Fitness

LIIT is the calmer relative of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT). HIIT has become very popular over the years because it involves short bursts of very challenging exercise that push you to your absolute limits.

You can actually do the same kinds of exercises in both LIIT and HIIT programs, like running, cycling, or lifting weights. The big difference is how hard you push yourself during those exercises. HIIT is all about maximum effort, where you give it everything you've got.

In a HIIT workout, you'll definitely feel out of breath, and your heart rate will be very high, close to your maximum. Because it's so physically demanding, HIIT sessions are typically much shorter than LIIT sessions.

Both HIIT and LIIT can improve your fitness, but they do it in different ways. HIIT is generally better for building muscle and strength. LIIT, on the other hand, might burn more calories overall because the workouts last longer.

Ultimately, the best choice for you depends on what you're trying to achieve and what fits your lifestyle. Experts suggest that HIIT is usually best for athletes who are already very fit and work out regularly. Pushing yourself extremely hard can put a lot of stress on your body and heart, and that's not for everyone. Even if you do intense HIIT workouts, adding occasional LIIT sessions can help your body recover and prevent burnout.

How to Do LIIT Workouts

Almost any physical activity can be turned into a LIIT workout. It's simply a matter of adjusting how hard you push yourself and splitting your exercise time into active periods and short rest breaks. Here are some examples:

Running

Try running at a comfortable pace for one minute, then slow down to a walk for two minutes to recover. You can go back and forth between running and walking for as many rounds as you like, adjusting the times to match how you feel.

Walking

The idea is similar to running. Walk at a faster pace for five minutes, then slow down for two minutes for a recovery period. Repeat this cycle as many times as you want.

Cycling

Pedal at a moderate effort level for five minutes, then slow your pace for two minutes. Keep repeating these intervals.

Rowing

Row for a certain distance, like 100 meters, at a moderate intensity, then slow your pace for two minutes. Repeat these intervals as desired.

If you are trying to lose weight loss for a long time, it can become a cycle of strict diets, missed targets and constant frustration. Actor Melissa McCarthy says changing her relationship with weight, rather than constantly trying to control it, helped her approach the weight loss process differently.

In a recent interview with CBS Mornings, the Bridesmaids star reflected on how she stopped fixating on her weight. “I finally said [to myself], 'Oh, for God's sake, stop worrying about it,' and it may be the best thing I've ever done,” she said.

“I truly stopped worrying about [my weight]. I stopped over-analyzing, over-thinking, over-doing anything.” McCarthy added, “I just stopped constantly being worried about it, and I think there's something to kinda loosening up and not being so nervous and rigid about it that, bizarrely, has worked.”

McCarthy's weight loss mindset sheds light on a less restrictive, more sustainable approach can help people break the cycle of repeated dieting and weight regain, also known as yo-yo dieting.

Trapped In A Cycle Of Yo-Yo Dieting?

Also read: Strong Enough for HYROX, But Is Your Heart Fit Enough?

Yo-yo dieting, also known as weight cycling, refers to a constant process of repeatedly losing weight and regaining it. People may turn to restrictive diets for quick results, only to find that it is difficult to maintain over time and end up regaining all the lost weight.

Weight loss triggers certain changes in appetite and energy expenditure that can make maintaining the new weight challenging. Hunger may shoot up, while the body may expend less energy than expected, making regaining lost weight more likely.

Extremely restrictive eating plans can also be difficult to sustain alongside work, family responsibilities and social life. When a diet becomes too demanding, people may give up and return to previous eating patterns, sometimes interpreting weight regain as a personal failure rather than a sign that the approach was unsuitable for them.

McCarthy has previously spoken about moving away from extreme approaches. In a 2018 interview with The Breakfast Club, she said, “If I can de-stress and just do it slower and stop constantly trying to be on something.” She added that this approach “actually worked better instead of being like, ‘I'm gonna not do this and do this and only drink this.’”

She also said, “I'm just gonna mellow out, give myself a break.”

According to a few studies, yo-yo dieting has also been associated with health problems like changes in blood pressure and cholesterol. However, a 2024 review of 23 studies found that most available evidence did not show consistent adverse effects of weight cycling itself on body composition or resting metabolic rate.

A 2026 review published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology similarly concluded that current evidence does not strongly support a link between weight cycling itself and adverse changes in body weight, body composition or metabolic function.

This does not mean repeated weight loss and regain is irrelevant to health and overall fitness. It means the effects should not automatically be attributed to weight fluctuations alone, and people should not be discouraged from making another attempt at improving their health.

Mindset Shift Can Help Lose Weight Sustainably

A less rigid approach may make weight management more manageable by reducing the constant pressure. Setting realistic goals, maintaining eating patterns that can be maintained over time and allowing flexibility may help avoid the all-or-nothing thinking that often comes with extremely restrictive dieting.

However, McCarthy's personal experience does not prove that changing one's mindset alone causes weight loss or prevents weight regain. Weight management is influenced by genetics, hormones, medications, sleep, stress, environment and other factors.

HYROX has suddenly become a fresh fitness challenge for anyone willing to test the limits of their strength and endurance. The typical gym session will soon be swapped out with a HYROX race, a hybrid of running and brutal functional fitness movements that have you shifting constantly between cardio and muscular efforts.

Being able to lift heavy weight, run for kilometers, or knock out the crazy gym session doesn't guarantee the heart is ready to match that level of high-intensity work. An individual having great strength and endurance doesn't guarantee he/she has a healthy heart.

The significance of this difference is that cardiovascular disease is still a huge problem. According to the WHO, as many as 19.8 million people died from cardiovascular diseases worldwide in 2022, representing approximately 32% of all deaths. In India, the disease is also a significant cause of death; WHO states that 27% of deaths in India are caused due to CVDs, and it is estimated that around 220 million people in India suffer from high blood pressure.

It does not mean that people should be scared of hard exercise. Exercise is a vital component of heart health. The question is, is the individual adequately prepared for the intensity of effort they are undertaking?

Prioritizing heart before HYROX: When?

Also read: Is 'Hyrox' Challenge Worth The Hype Or Just Another Fitness Trend?

People who are starting a program of vigorous exercise should be familiar with the symptoms of distant chest pain, abnormal breathlessness, fainting or dizziness, palpitations or irregular heartbeats, or abrupt decrease in exercise capacity.

If you have a personal or family history of early cardiac disease, known hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity or prior cardiac disease, it would also be worth discussing with your physician prior to high intensity training. Most importantly, we emphasise that there is no universal cardiac screening test that every participant of HYROX requires. Cardiovascular screening should be risk stratified and individualized.

Sometimes just taking your blood pressure and examining you will be sufficient. A doctor might choose to do additional tests – eg, an ECG or exercise stress test – if you have symptoms and/or risk factors and/or other diseases, especially if you are 40 years or older. Additional tests may also include images of your heart.

Risk Assessment Before Exercise

The European Society of Cardiology's sports-cardiology guidance recommends on risk determination before strenuous physical activity, but not on the use of the same testing algorithm for all. An evaluation with a clinical assessment, ECG, and exercise testing may be recommended for adults who are not physically active or have a high cardiovascular risk for a planned high-intensity exercise.

Don't confuse fitness with cardiovascular clearance One may have very strong muscle and not be aware that he or she has an unrecognized risk factor for cardiac health. Alternatively, a person with a known cardiac condition may safely perform a monitored exercise program with appropriate testing and management. The goal is not to keep you from any additional HYROX or heavy training, but only to Know what your heart is capable of and your risk factors, warning signs and symptoms.

Strength is one element of fitness. But before you question whether you have enough strength to finish the next workout, here's a question for you: Is your cardio ready?

By Dr. Rajat Kar, Consultant - Adult Cardiology, Narayana Hospital, Howrah

Weight loss from GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic may also result in some muscle loss, not just fat. Researchers are, therefore, testing whether a second drug could help protect muscle while people lose weight.

According to new trial data, an experimental drug developed by Regeneron called trevogrumab reduced muscle loss when it was taken along with Novo Nordisk's semaglutide, the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy.

It could be a significant development in the GLP-1 weight loss drugs market as researchers are focusing on what kind of weight people are losing rather than how much.

Ozempic Results In Muscle Loss

Ozempic contains semaglutide, a GLP-1 drug that helps lower blood sugar and reduce appetite. As people eat less consistently and lose weight, the body can lose both fat mass and lean mass, which includes muscle.

Reuters reported researchers found that patients who took semaglutide lost 6.7% of their lean muscle mass over 26 weeks in one part of the trial.

This also does not mean that everyone on Ozempic will lose a large amount of muscle. Diet, physical activity, protein intake, age and starting muscle mass can all influence body composition during this weight loss.

But preserving muscle is crucial, especially for older adults and people who already have low muscle mass.

Also read: 2 Indians Charged In US Over Fake Ozempic Scheme: How To Spot Counterfeit GLP-1 Drugs

Could Trevogrumab Help?

Trevogrumab, developed by Regeneron, belongs to a class of drugs that targets myostatin, a protein involved in regulating muscle growth and maintenance.

While semaglutide helps drive weight loss, trevogrumab may help prevent the body from breaking down as much muscle during that process.

In the trial, people who received semaglutide alone lost 6.7% of their lean muscle mass over 26 weeks. Those who received semaglutide along with 75 mg of trevogrumab lost 3.3%, while the group receiving 25 mg lost 4.7%.

That means the higher dose nearly halved the lean-mass loss seen with semaglutide alone.

Also read: 21% In 80 Weeks: Lancet Study Finds Lilly’s Retatrutide Delivers One Of The Biggest Weight Losses Ever

More About The Trial & Trevogrumab

The drug is experimental and has not been approved as a treatment for people taking GLP-1 drugs.

The trial involved nearly 1,000 people aged 18 to 65, and the researchers are continuing to study trevogrumab. Regeneron has selected the 75 mg once-weekly dose for further studies and plans another mid-stage trial involving people over 65.

The larger trial initially included another experimental drug, garetosmab. Two people receiving higher-dose trevogrumab in combination with garetosmab died during the first 26 weeks.

One death had an undetermined cause in a person with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, while the other was due to cardiac arrest in someone with a history of cardiovascular disease. Regeneron said it will not continue developing the triple-drug combination.

Maintaining Muscle Mass During Weight Loss

Muscle is important for strength, mobility, balance and everyday physical function. Losing too much muscle during rapid weight loss could be particularly concerning for older adults, who are already at risk of age-related muscle loss.

This is why the next generation of obesity treatments may focus on more than the number on the weighing scale.

Regeneron executive Boaz Hirshberg said, “What we want to do is concentrate on the quality of weight reduction. We want to find the best way to approach weight reduction, especially in vulnerable patients.”