Do you like hot dogs, sausages, bacon, salami and all the meaty things in your sandwich? Or are you that healthy eater who would make a nice salad, but add a few pieces of salami. Well, then, this may not be the best thing to do. As per a new study published in the journal Neurology, found that these cured meats may be linked to developing dementia and cognitive decline as you age.

Since the study came out, health authorities have urged people to reduce their intake of processed red meat because of its links with cardiovascular disease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes. As per the researchers it is because of the high levels of sodium and saturated fats, and chemical additives like nitrated and nitrites found in processed red meat that causes cognitive issues.

What did the study find?

The study found that if one person replaces just one daily serving of processed red meat with plant proteins like nuts and legumes, it could lower the risk of dementia by 19%. This means, the person would spend 1.37 fever years of cognitive aging. There are other non-vegetarian alternatives too, like replacing the processed red meat with chicken and fish, which could lower the risk of dementia and reduced cognitive aging.

Senior author of the study Daniel Wang, and an assistant professor in the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health noted that by replacing processed red meats with other sources of protein, you decrease your intake of harmful ingredients. This in a way also increases the intake of beneficial nutrients.

Also Read: Should You Avoid Ultra-Processed Foods?

How was the study conducted?

The researchers studied the data on more than 133,000 men and women in the United States. These participants were tracked for more than 40 years. The participants were part of two different groups of nurses, doctors, dentists, and other health professionals who on a regular basis answered questions about their diets, weight, physical activity and other lifestyle habits.

The tests evaluated the memory of the participants and tested their cognitive functions at various points throughout the study. They were also asked to fill questionnaires that explored any self-reported issues with memories and mental abilities, this measure is also known as "subjective cognitive decline", which is used to detect early stages of worsening cognitive function.

The researchers also found that those who ate a quarter of serving of processed red meat or more per day, had 13% higher risk of developing dementia, compared with people who ate little of no processed red meat. The same also had 14% higher risk of subjective cognitive decline.

Unprocessed red meats were also looked at and it was found that they were not associated with higher risk of developing dementia or worse cognitive function.

Are there any limitations?

As per experts, while they appreciate the new findings and have said that it is very important to focus on dietary habits, many have also pointed out on the limitations. In fact, the authors themselves have cautioned that their study was observation, which means it does not prove a causation. The study also did not account for other lifestyle habits, other than dietary practices.

Asthma is usually associated with children. However, a large number of adults are diagnosed with asthma later in life, known as adult, onset asthma. A sharp contrast to childhood asthma, adult cases can be more long, lasting, difficult to control and very much influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors.

Smoking, air pollution, and workplaces are three known risk factors, but experts in the field are opening up the research to include diet as a possible factor that can be changed. New research indicates our diets may play a big role in asthma development and following a Mediterranean diet may significantly lower overall risk by nearly 50 percent.

The World Health Organization estimates that over 260 million individuals globally suffer from asthma.

What Is the Mediterranean Diet?

The Mediterranean diet is inspired by traditional eating patterns in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, particularly in places like Spain, Greece and Italy. It recommends eating:

• Fruits and vegetables
• Whole grains
• Legumes and nuts
• Olive oil as the primary fat source
• Moderate fish consumption
• Limited red and processed meats

This diet is well known for its cardiovascular benefits and its strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties have prompted scientists to explore its impact on respiratory health.

The Study That Sparked Attention

A large, scale prospective study through the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project aimed at finding out if a Mediterranean diet could lower asthma in adults. The project, done by the team at Universidad de Navarra, included data from more than 17,000 university graduates who were tracked for almost 13 years in Spain.

The study participants did not have asthma at the time of registration. Their food intake was assessed through a validated Mediterranean Diet Score (scale of 0 to 9), and incidences of asthma were recorded with the help of follow, up questionnaires.

The study showed that people sticking to the Mediterranean diet the most became adults with asthma 42 percent less than those who followed the diet the least. Additionally, after changing for confounders like age, smoking, physical activity and BMI, this protective effect was still significant from the statistical viewpoint.

The study results were covered by EMJ Reviews and appeared among respiratory research publications, thus attracting the attention of the makers of the next major public health policy measure.

Why Does Diet Affect Asthma?

• Omega-3 fatty acids from fish, which help regulate inflammatory pathways
• Polyphenols and antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, which reduce oxidative stress
• Healthy monounsaturated fats from olive oil, which may support immune balance

What To Remember

Some previous cohort studies have yielded inconsistent results, and experts concur that randomized controlled trials would produce more reliable evidence.

The Bigger Picture

Though additional research is necessary to be sure, the main idea is increasingly conspicuous: our diet today might determine our respiratory health over the next several years.

FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) has recently shared how one can spot ‘vegetables gone wrong’ before you bring them to your home.

When it comes to health, eating right plays a huge role, and that starts with bringing the right ingredients home. Even though fruits and vegetables are healthy, spotting the signs of spoiled items can be difficult. You could easily bring home bacteria and even dangerous germs like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria, according to the US Food Safety department.

Food safety is simple if you keep these key things in mind, according to FSSAI.

How To Buy Fresh Fruits & Vegetables?

Start with the "touch test"

Always choose fruits that are firm and solid. If you feel soft spots, it usually means the fruit is starting to rot or was bruised during transport, which invites bacteria. Check the skin for deep cracks or holes, as these are open doors for pests.

For citrus fruits like lemons and oranges, weight is the best secret. If it feels heavy for its size, it is full of juice; if it feels light and "puffy," it is likely dry inside. Finally, don't worry about green spots on the skin; they are often just natural color marks and don't change the sweet taste inside.

How To Spot Good Root And Tuber Vegetables?

Vegetables that grow underground, like carrots, beets, turnips, and sweet potatoes, should feel as strong as the earth they came from. When you pick them up, they should feel heavy and very firm to the touch.

If a carrot feels "bendy" or rubbery like a piece of plastic, it has lost its internal moisture and will be tough and tasteless rather than crunchy.

While it is tempting to grab the biggest vegetable in the pile, the "size secret" is that smaller roots are actually better. Smaller ones are usually younger, which makes them naturally sweeter, more tender, and less "woody" or fibrous when you cook them.

Can You Spot Good Grapes?

Grapes are very delicate because they stop ripening the moment they are clipped from the vine. To find the freshest bunch, use the "attachment rule": give the bunch a very gentle shake.

The grapes should stay firmly attached to their stems. If they fall off easily, it is a sign the fruit is old and losing its flavor. Next, look closely at the "skeleton" or the stems of the bunch.

You want to see stems that are green and flexible, which proves they were harvested recently. If the stems look brown, dry, or brittle, the grapes will likely be sour, mushy, or lacking that fresh pop.

How To Spot High Quality Onions?

Since onions are the base for almost every meal, picking a bad one can ruin your entire dinner. A high-quality onion should feel heavy and rock-solid all the way around, especially near the "neck" at the top.

When you give it a gentle squeeze, it should not give way or feel "hollow." If an onion feels soft or squishy, it is likely rotting on the inside where you can’t see it. Also, check for any green sprouts growing out of the top.

Sprouting means the onion is aging and using up its energy, which makes the layers inside lose their crispness and punchy flavor.

Jaggery or, also commonly known as Gurr, is considered the best alternative to white sugar however, more than often, headlines such as "adulterated jaggery has been seized" dominates our daily new.

Despite its popularity and varying uses, it is one of the most commonly adulterated foods mixed with components like baking soda, washing soda or chalk powder. But now the food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) shares how we can do a test at home to determine jaggery adulteration with baking soda.

How To Do A Home Test?

1. Take one 1/4th of a teaspoon of crushed jaggery in a glass container or test tube.

2. Now, add 3 ml of HCL acid, also known as hydrochloric acid, in a container or test tube.

3. If you see bubbles are formed, your jaggery

According to the agency, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) reacts with acid in the natural sweetener and releases carbon dioxide in the form of bubbles.

FSSAI advises that while home tests can help identify basic forms of adulteration, they are not a substitute for laboratory testing. Only certified labs can conclusively determine the purity of jaggery and detect multiple adulterants at once.

What Are The Side Effects Of Consuming Adulterated Jaggery?

1. Chemical burns in the mouth, throat, and stomach lining.

2. Severe acidity

3. Vomiting

Long-term health risks may involve:

1. Organ failure: Chronic ingestion of industrial dyes and soda puts extreme oxidative stress on the liver and kidneys, which are responsible for filtering these toxins. This can lead to permanent scarring (fibrosis).

2. Hormonal imbalance: Reports from the FDA in 2025 noted that jaggery packaged in low-grade heated plastic releases phthalates and dioxins, which act as endocrine disruptors, affecting reproductive health.

3. Hidden sugar spike: Since white sugar is a common adulterant, individuals with diabetes who consume jaggery as a "safe" alternative may experience life-threatening spikes in blood glucose levels.