Raw milk, long debated as healthier and nutritious than pasteurized milk by enthusiasts but strongly cautioned against by health practitioners, is now a hot topic in health and wellness circles with the increasing popularity of "natural" and "unprocessed" foods. The dangers surrounding raw milk have been brought to the forefront with the outbreak of H5N1 bird flu, highlighting the risk of contamination in raw milk supplies. All about raw milk, its risks, and the latest science.

What Is Raw Milk?

Raw milk is unpasteurized milk taken directly from cows, goats, or other similar animals. Unpasteurized milk does not go through the heat treatment process meant to destroy harmful pathogens and bacteria. Raw milk proponents say that pasteurization kills nutrients and enzymes. And that might be one false claim after another, as science continues to disprove it.

According to Dr. Meghan Davis of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, pasteurization does not significantly alter the concentration of minerals or the quality of proteins in milk. In fact, it's a critical step to ensure food safety, particularly for animal-derived products prone to contamination.

Wellness influencers have in recent times advocated for raw milk as the "clean" and "natural" alternative to commercial milk distributed in stores, using claims from improved digestion to the stimulation of the immune system. However, these claims are not scientifically proven. Although raw milk contains antibodies, the amounts are too small to be worth anything for health.

Health Risks of Drinking Raw Milk

Raw milk consumption poses immense risks. It can become contaminated in two major ways:

1. Internal Contamination: Pathogens such as E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter can seep into milk through infected animals.

2. External Contamination: Polluted water, dirt, manure, and contaminated equipment introduce harmful microorganisms.

The infections acquired from raw milk include diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, and fever, and severe effects can be experienced by infants, the elderly, pregnant women, and even immunocompromised people. Some other rare but serious diseases like hemolytic uremic syndrome, which may bring about renal failure or stroke, have also been associated with raw milk.

Bird Flu Impact on Raw Milk Safety

Raw milk has become a focal point of the latest bird flu outbreak as preliminary genetic analysis indicates the H5N1 virus, which causes avian flu, may have begun infecting cattle earlier than thought. And the CDC says viral particles have been found in raw milk, which adds one more risk to consuming unpasteurized dairy.

A notable case was with sick and dead cats on a Texas dairy farm that resulted from ingesting unpasteurized milk from infected cows. This presents how unpasteurized milk can be a vector for transmitting diseases.

Legal Status of Unpasteurized Milk

To reduce the risk, the FDA prohibited the interstate sale of unpasteurized milk in the United States. Different states, however, have their respective regulations on this matter:

- 20 states completely banned the sale of unpasteurized milk.

- 30 states allow raw milk sales under specified conditions.

Although these laws exist for protection of public health, many consumers are not even aware of the dangers associated with their consumption.

Why Pasteurization Is Important

Pasteurization destroys harmful bacteria without affecting the nutritional content of milk. Several studies in *Nutrition Today* report that pasteurization does not change the nutrient profile of milk. Pasteurized milk is free from pathogens and, therefore, also a safer alternative for all consumers, especially vulnerable ones.

Myths About Raw Milk Products

It's not just raw milk that's hazardous. Cheese, yogurt, and ice cream with unpasteurized milk carry the same dangers. To anyone tempted by the supposed health value of raw dairy, experts say in one voice: stick to pasteurized, and avoid illnesses like bird flu or salmonella infection.

Should You Drink Raw Milk?

Health organizations, including the FDA, CDC, and American Academy of Pediatrics, strongly advise against consuming raw milk. Beyond the personal health risks, drinking raw milk can also endanger others by increasing the spread of harmful bacteria and viruses.

The emergence of H5N1 in cattle and its link to raw milk calls the world to wake up to better preparedness. Like COVID-19, bird flu has demonstrated vulnerabilities in our food safety systems. The presence of avian flu in raw milk underscores the imperative for strict rules, public education, and investments in the prevention of these diseases.

Could this outbreak push governments and health organizations to step up surveillance and vaccination efforts against zoonotic diseases? The lessons learned from COVID-19 suggest a coordinated approach is essential to prevent future pandemics.

On the other hand, raw milk is far riskier and has far fewer benefits than its apparent healthy, "natural" choice. From bacterial contamination to the allowance of viruses like H5N1, there is evidence that is clear: pasteurization cannot be wished away. As we face new health challenges, it will be science over trends that safeguard public health.

February often feels like winter’s longest stretch. The days are short, the sun rarely breaks through the clouds, and many people find themselves feeling unusually tired or low. Health experts say this is also the time of year when vitamin D deficiency tends to surface, especially in regions with limited winter sunlight.

While vitamin D is best known for its role in bone health, its impact goes far beyond that. As sunlight exposure drops in late winter, attention is turning to how diet can help support the body until brighter days return.

Why Vitamin D Matters for the Body

Vitamin D plays a key role in several essential functions. It helps the body absorb calcium, which is crucial for maintaining strong bones and teeth. It also supports normal muscle function and keeps the immune system working efficiently.

What is less widely discussed is its role in brain health. Vitamin D receptors are present in many areas of the brain, and low levels have been linked to changes in mood and energy. During winter, many people report feeling sluggish, unmotivated, or emotionally flat. While these symptoms are often blamed on stress or lack of sleep, reduced sunlight and falling vitamin D levels may also contribute.

Why Winter Increases the Risk of Deficiency

The body produces most of its vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight. In winter, shorter days, heavy clothing, and more time spent indoors mean that this natural process slows down significantly. Even people who eat well can struggle to maintain optimal levels during prolonged periods of low sun exposure.

This is where food choices can offer some support, even if they cannot fully replace sunlight.

Fatty Fish as a Natural Boost

Salmon is one of the richest natural sources of vitamin D. It also provides high quality protein and healthy fats that support heart and brain health. Simple meals like oven baked salmon with potatoes and broccoli or a salmon rice bowl with vegetables make it easy to include in weekly meals.

Herring is another strong option. It contains both vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acids, which are known to support heart health. Traditional combinations such as herring with boiled potatoes or a light yogurt based sauce are both nourishing and filling.

Everyday Foods That Add Up

Eggs also contribute small amounts of vitamin D, mainly from the yolk. While they do not provide as much as fatty fish, they are easy to include in daily meals. Scrambled eggs, vegetable omelettes, or a soft boiled egg at dinner can all help increase intake over time.

Mushrooms are one of the few plant based foods that contain vitamin D, especially when they have been exposed to light. They are not a replacement for fish but can be a helpful addition for those who eat little or no seafood.

Food Helps, but Sunlight Still Matters

Nutrition can support vitamin D levels during winter, but it cannot fully make up for the lack of sunlight. Most vitamin D is still produced through the skin, not the diet. Experts advise making the most of daylight when possible, even short walks outdoors, while using food as a supportive measure until spring arrives.

Recent insights from medical experts show that even people who eat very less can gain weight due muscle mass, stress, and their body’s movement during the day.

Dr Mohit Bhandari, a robotic bariatric and endoscopic weight loss surgeon, founder and director of Mohak Bariatrics and Robotics at Bhandari Hospital Indore notes some people eat whatever they want without gaining weight, while others struggle even with dieting.

The secret lies in the complex interplay of genetics, metabolism, and environmental factors that influence weight management.

This is why are you are putting on weight, according to Dr Bhandari:

1. Metabolism Differences

The speed at which the body burns calories is different for every individual. A slower metabolism means that even consuming small amount of food can lead to gain.

Individuals with high level of physical activity are less likely to be obese as they mean calories quicker.

2. Hormonal And Lifestyle Factors

Hormones like thyroid hormones, cortisol, and play a major role in weight regulation. Stress, lack of sleep and Insulin sensitivity are also factors that lead to fat storage in the body.

3. Loss Of Muscle Mass

Consuming a snack rich in carbohydrate with 10-20 grams of protein before and immediately after strength training sessions further acts as a responsible factor in gaining weight.

4. Gut Health And Digestion

Additionally, it can also trigger inflammation, which interferes with normal metabolism and insulin function, encouraging fat storage.

People are switching from weightlifting and training in the gym to real world strength training.

By strengthening multiple muscle groups at once, it enhances balance, posture, and overall physical efficiency. And one of the best ways to do this is by adopting the farmer's walk

What Is Farmer’s Walk?

Here’s Why Farmer’s Walk Has Gained Popularity:

1. Builds Body strength

Meanwhile, the legs including the quadriceps and hamstrings support the lower body’s endurance.

2. Improves Balance And Posture

Overall, this exercise also regulates spinal and musculoskeletal health.

3. Supports Recovery

It can rebuild strength and stabilize mobility without exceeding tissue healing thresholds.

4. Time Efficient

It can help build strength, improve balance, and boost endurance all at the same time by ensuing coordination among different muscles of the body, making it useful for physical therapy and everyday fitness.

5. Proper Diet and Care It is crucial to fuel your body and make it ready for such a comprehensive exercise.

Proteins such as legumes, tofu and supplements support muscle repair and growth making them an excellent source.

Hydration is the key factor that prevents fatigue and muscle cramps.

Before any extensive workout, warm up thoroughly with light cardio or stretching for about 15-20 minutes.