Who does not enjoy staying young? Especially when you can do it with just tweaking your diet a little! A recent study published in Nature Publishing Group Aging, reveals that a nutrient-rich diet, similar to the Mediterranean style plays an important role in slowing brain aging.

The study used blood biomarker analysis, brain imaging and cognitive assessments to conclude that specific nutrients like fatty acids, antioxidants, carotenoids, vitamin E, and choline, are essential to support healthy brain function and delay cognitive decline.

How Was The Study Conducted?

This was a cross-sectional study which involved 100 adults between the ages of 65 and 75. The participants were healthy and showed no evidence of cognitive impairment and they underwent several tests, including MRIs, mental tests and blood work. The researchers studied 139 variables of brain health, including brain metabolism, function, and structure.

ALSO READ: Longevity Diets: What to Eat to Live Past 100

Nutrients The Protect The Brain

Fatty Acids: Vaccenic, gondoic, alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, eicosadienoic, and lignoceric acids, commonly found in plants, dairy, and oily fish, contribute to neuron maintenance.

Antioxidants and Carotenoids: Cis-lutein, trans-lutein, and zeaxanthin are essential for neutralizing free radicals and protecting the brain from oxidative stress.

Vitamin E: This antioxidant helps safeguard brain cells, with research suggesting its role in preventing dementias like Alzheimer's disease.

Choline: A vital nutrient for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is important for memory and attention.

The Science Behind Mediterranean Diet and Brain Health

Experts affirm that these nutrients (mentioned above) are commonly found in the Mediterranean diet and are known for their neuroprotective properties. The Mediterranean diet has positive effects on brain, and there is enough evidence to prove that too. It is because the fatty acids maintain neurons, while the antioxidants combat oxidative stress, which then preserves brain function.

Choline, which is found in egg yolks are also essential for acetylcholine production, which supports cognitive functions such as memory and focus. There are certain nutrients which one can find in egg yolks that reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Further, they also support cell membrane integrity and improve brain blood flow, which in turn enhances neuroplasticity. These are all crucial for healthy aging.

ALSO READ: What Is The Green Mediterranean Diet?

There are also additional benefits too, for instance, omega-3 fatty acids also reduce heart disease risks, whereas antioxidants like vitamin C and E also boost immune system. The Mediterranean diet in all, also manages arthritis and metabolic syndrome.

Ingredients You Can In Your Diet To Boost Brain Health

Fatty Fish: These include Salmon, mackerel, sardines, and trout are rich in omega-3s.

Leafy Greens: These include spinach, kale, broccoli. These are packed with carotenoids like lutein and zeaxanthin.

Nuts and Seeds: They are rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and vitamin E. You can include almonds, sunflower seeds, and flaxseeds in your diet.

Eggs and Liver: They are a great source of choline, which can be helpful for brain function.

Colorful vegetables and fruits: Peppers, tomatoes, and oranges are rich in anti-oxidants and vitamin C.

A new study has revealed that Gen Zs eat much more ultra-processed foods than we may think. Processed foods have saturated the market over the years, however, recent researches have revealed how these foods affect our health. But do you know who is most affected by this? The study, done by the Virginia Tech, showed that not only are gen Zs more likely to overeat, but most of their diet is also affected by processed foods.

Research suggests about 62% of their total calories come from these factory-made items. A new study from Virginia Tech warns that this high intake, especially when it leads to overeating, is a major concern for their future health.

How Much UPFs and Calorie Intake?

Researchers at Virginia Tech looked at 27 young men and women, aged 18 to 25. For the study, the volunteers followed two different eating plans:

High-UPF Diet

81% of the calories came from ultra-processed foods.

Junk-Free Diet

A whole-food diet with no junk food.

The diets were strictly controlled and matched for things like fiber, sugar, and fat content to make sure the researchers were measuring the effect of processing alone, not just the nutrients. Each participant followed one diet for two weeks, took a break, and then switched to the other diet for two weeks.

Why Are Ultra-Processed Foods Bad?

According to John Hopkins University, Ultra-Processed Foods (UPFs) contains ingredients you wouldn't find in a home kitchen. These include chemical-based preservatives, industrial emulsifiers (like certain oils), high-intensity sweeteners (like high-fructose corn syrup), and artificial colors and flavors.

Furthermore, UPFs undergo intense factory processing techniques like molding, extrusion, and chemical alteration. The final product often bears almost no resemblance to the original ingredients it came from.

Common examples of UPFs include soda, packaged snacks (chips, cookies), candy, boxed macaroni and cheese, frozen ready-to-eat meals, lunch meats, and hot dogs.

Why Are Younger Gen Zs Are Overeating?

After following each two-week diet, the participants were given a breakfast buffet and allowed to eat as much or as little as they wanted. The researchers noticed a key difference based on age:

Ages 18 to 21

This younger group consumed significantly more calories during the buffet, especially after eating the high-UPF diet for two weeks. They were also more likely to gorge themselves even when they weren't hungry.

Ages 22 to 25

This older group ate less and did not show the same tendency to overeat.

The study suggests that being a younger adult may be a risk factor for eating too many calories after being exposed to a high-UPF diet. This indicates that the younger participants may be more influenced by the strong, appealing nature of junk food.

How Much Health Risks Do UPFs Pose?

The lead researcher noted that even though this was a short-term trial, if this kind of increased calorie intake continues over time, it will almost certainly lead to weight gain in these young people.

The findings are especially concerning because UPFs have already been linked to 32 negative health issues, including higher risks of heart disease, cancer, Type 2 diabetes, and mental health problems. Experts predict that if drastic measures are not taken, a third of Americans aged 15 to 24 could meet the criteria for obesity by 2050.

The latest Lancet Study warns that India is experiencing a rapid and worrying rise in the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). The UPF includes food like instant noodles, packaged snacks, ready-to-eat meals, sugary beverages, mass-produced breads, processed meats, and other industrially formulated products.

The paper was authored by 43 global experts who noted that traditional Indian meals are increasingly being replaced by convenient but nutritionally poor foods, which are not contributing to a rise in chronic diseases.

The Series calls for “immediate and decisive public health action”, stressing that individual willpower alone cannot fix dietary patterns. Instead, the availability, affordability, marketing, and widespread promotion of UPFs must be addressed at the policy level.

The Rate Of UPFs Growth In India

The shift has been dramatic. The retail sales of UPFs in India jumped from ₹7,996 crore in 2006 to ₹3.3 lakh crore in 2019. In other words, the initial value for the same products in 2006 was less than $ 0.9 Billion and by 2019, it reached the value of $ 38 Billion, leading to a forty-fold rise, or an increase around 4000%. This reflects a massive surge of how deeply these products have entered the Indian household.

During the same period, obesity rates among both men and women have doubled. Today, nearly one in four Indians is obese, one in ten has diabetes, and one in three has abdominal obesity. Childhood obesity has also risen, increasing from 2.1% to 3.4% between 2016 and 2019–21. The authors warn that this pattern mirrors global trends where UPF consumption is strongly linked to weight gain and metabolic disorders.

According to the papers, the UPF industry is a central driver of this shift. Because UPFs are more profitable than minimally processed foods, corporations invest heavily in their production, distribution, and marketing. This profit-focused model encourages continuous expansion, making these foods widely accessible and aggressively promoted.

Read: After Lancet Links Ultra-Processed Foods to Organ Damage, New Study Ties Them to Bowel Polyps in Women Under 50

why Is This Happening In India?

The Lancet Series highlighted that the major concerns are due to corporate influence and gap in India's food regulation. The marketing network of corporate influence often delay or weaken public health policies.

They uses strategies like direct lobbying and political pressure, involvement in the government committees, litigation to block regulations, funding research that creates doubt or shifts the blames and influence public opinion through advertising and public relation campaigns.

“UPFs are advertised addictions. A ban on their advertising and sponsorship is needed,” said Prof. Srinath Reddy, Chancellor of PHFI University of Public Health Sciences to The Tribune.

What Are The Health Impacts?

The authors emphasize that the harm caused by UPFs extends far beyond poor nutrition. Industrial processes, such as chemical modification, extrusion, and the addition of synthetic ingredients, can alter food structure in ways that negatively affect metabolism, immunity, and long-term health.

Regular consumption of UPFs has been linked to higher risks of obesity, Type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, depression, and premature death. “These foods contribute to diminished immunity, aggravated inflammation, and a rise in life-threatening chronic diseases,” Dr. Reddy said.

Health and Me previously reported on the latest Lancet Study, which is world's largest review, as per the Lancet that links consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) with harm in every major organ system in the human body. A new study published in Jama Oncology by Andre T Chan, also cited on The Lancet Oncology now links the consumption of UPF with bowel polyps in women younger than 50 years. The study notes that these women are at a 45% increased risk of developing bowel polyps, which can further develop into colorectal cancer.

What Are Ultra Processed Foods?

UPFs are modern, highly engineered products that are made from cheap industrial ingredients like hydrogenated oils, protein isolates, and glucose or fructose syrups. They are also combined with cosmetic additives like dyes, artificial sweeteners, and emulsifiers. These foods are intentionally formulated to be hyper-palatable, and profitable. This is why UPFs are easily able to replace fresh or minimally processed food and traditionally home cooked meals around the world.

Also Read: China’s ‘Zombie Cell’ Pill Claims To Extend Human Life To 150—Could It Work?

What Did The Study Find?

The new findings come from the Nurses' Health Study II, which is a long-running US Cohort involving female registered nurses.

This analysis followed participants from 1991 to 2015, examining whether UPF consumption was linked to early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) precursors. Every four years, participants completed detailed food-frequency questionnaires, which researchers used to calculate UPF intake based on the Nova classification system, a widely used framework that categorizes foods by degree and purpose of processing.

According to the questionnaires, the biggest contributors to UPF intake were ultra-processed breads and breakfast items (23%), sauces and condiments (22%), and sugar-sweetened or artificially sweetened beverages (20%).

Researchers assessed two types of EOCRC precursors: conventional adenomas (polyps) and serrated lesions, both of which were verified through medical and pathology records.

Over 24 years, among 29,105 women with an average age of 45, the study recorded 1,189 adenomas and 1,598 serrated lesions. The data revealed that women in the highest UPF consumption group, where UPFs made up 42% of daily calories, had a 45% higher risk of developing conventional adenomas compared to those in the lowest intake group (23% of daily calories). The median UPF intake across the cohort was 35% of total calories.

How Can UPFs Increase Polyp Risk?

Chan, speaking to The Lancet Oncology explained that UPFs may impair the gut’s protective barrier or disrupt the intestinal lining, triggering inflammation and reducing the gut’s ability to repair itself, conditions that may encourage tumor development.

The authors offer a possible explanation for why only adenomas, not serrated lesions, were associated with UPFs. They suggest that mechanisms linked to UPFs, such as microbiome disruption, inflammatory signalling, and diet-related genotoxins, may accelerate polyp formation, especially in younger individuals.

What makes these study even more relevant is that the study arrives after The Lancet has released a major three-paper series on UPFs and health, with many calling the need for action to be similar to the historic action against the tobacco industry.