You've probably asked yourself too if that old bottle of water in your pantry is still good to drink? Water is life, yet there are remaining questions about the shelf life. Whether you are stockpiling for emergencies or wondering if that bottled water left in a heated car is safe to drink, understanding if and how water "expires" is essential. This article goes into the science behind water storage and its potential risks and practical tips to ensure your water will remain safe and consumable.

Water itself does not spoil or degrade. Chemically, pure water (H₂O) remains unchanged indefinitely. However, there are issues that arise due to the containers in which it is stored and the environmental conditions surrounding the storage.

In the United States, most bottled water has an expiration date. This labeling is often misunderstood as being an indication of the water's safety, but it mainly has to do with quality. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) confirms that commercially sealed bottled water is safe to drink indefinitely if stored properly. Over time, though, the taste, smell, and even the appearance of water may change due to interactions with its packaging.

Role of Packaging in Water Safety

Plastic Bottles and Chemical Leaching

Bottled water is mostly packed in polyethylene terephthalate, PET plastic. Even though it is light in weight, resistant, and recyclable, this material is limited in other aspects. It leaches chemicals in trace amounts in the water if heated or placed under direct sunlight. For instance, do not leave your bottled water in the hot car for an extended period.

The next is bisphenol A or BPA. This chemical has been used to soften some plastics and is known for its hormone disruption. Many producers have shifted toward BPA-free materials, but older bottles and improper storage still pose risks. Bottles carrying recycling code #7 may be BPA-contaminated. There are also concerns over microplastics and long-term storage.

Microplastics and Long-Term Storage

Over time, the plastic in the bottle may leach into the water, causing some to question health risks. In 2019, one article published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health noted that these particles exist but are usually not at high enough concentrations to pose a problem if the water is properly stored.

Also Read: What Happens When You Drink Too Much Water?

How Long Can Water Be Stored Safely?

Bottled Water

Unopened bottled water, kept in a cool, dark place, remains safe to drink for years. But manufacturers often advise that it should be consumed within two years of its manufacture date for best quality. After this period, it may start showing off-flavors or odors due to contact with the plastic.

Tap Water

Tap water, under the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), undergoes strict standards for safety. It can be kept in pure, BPA-free bottles up to six months. Afterward, it loses its fresh flavor or becomes dirty if not properly sealed.

Rainwater

Don't drink rainwater unless treated first. It usually contains contaminants that should not reach the human stomach. It should be used to water plants if not filtered and sterilized first.

Signs That Water Has Gone Bad

Water itself doesn't go bad, but extrinsic factors make it unsafe. Always discard water that has:

An off smell: An earthy, metallic smell indicates contamination.

Coloration: Greenish or bluish coloration signifies microbial growth or rust.

Unpleasant taste: A metallic or stale taste is a hallmark of degradation.

Froth or particles: Indicate dirt, germs, or other impurities.

How to Store Water Safely?

Avoid Heat and Sunlight

Store water in a cool, dark place and out of direct sunlight. Heat breaks down the plastic, allowing chemicals to leach out more easily.

Choose the Right Containers

For long-term storage, select BPA-free or food-grade plastic containers. The best alternatives are stainless steel and glass containers, which avoid all the risks that plastic poses.

Hygiene Maintained

Wash and sanitize the container before refilling. Always seal the lids so that no bacteria get inside.

Rotate Your Stock

Use a first-in, first-out rotation system with stockpiled water. This will mean that you will use the oldest water first to keep your water supply fresh.

Is It Safe to Drink Water Past Its Expiration Date?

The expiration date on bottled water is a mark of its quality, not safety. Although the water is safe to drink past this date, it is sensible to check it for any signs of spoilage as mentioned above. Tap water that has been stored for longer periods should be checked for clarity and odor before consumption.

Plastic bottles, although convenient, degrade the environment. Only a few percent of PET bottles are recycled, while the rest remain in landfills or oceans. Choose reusable containers and tap water whenever possible to minimize plastic waste and environmental damage.

Water is one of the most precious resources in this world, yet it can be safe only if it is kept appropriately. People may tell you that water does not expire, but the fact is that packaging materials, exposure to the environment, and storage conditions may affect the quality of the water. Proper storage techniques, opting for BPA-free containers, ensure that water remains fresh, safe, and ready for consumption at any time.

A fit and otherwise healthy man in his fifties has been left without sensation on the entire left side of his body after suffering a stroke linked to his daily energy drink habit. Doctors were puzzled at first because his medical history was clear, yet his blood pressure was extremely high. It was only when he admitted to drinking about eight cans a day that they traced the cause of the clot in his brain.

The case has prompted specialists writing in the BMJ Case Reports journal to push for tighter oversight of energy drinks, which are consumed by more than 1.7 million people in the UK. Concerns about their safety have grown in recent years, especially since some contain more caffeine than several shots of espresso.

Energy Drink Warning After Man Suffers Stroke Due To Excessive Consumption

Reaching for an energy drink may feel like a quick solution when fatigue sets in, but with rising questions about their health impact, experts are asking people to be careful. A December 2025 case report in BMJ Case Reports described how heavy use of energy drinks may raise the risk of heart disease and stroke.

The man in his fifties arrived at the hospital with extremely high blood pressure. He had weakness on the left side of his body, numbness and trouble with balance, walking, swallowing and speech. Tests confirmed a stroke. His blood pressure dropped with treatment, but once he returned home, it rose again despite being on medication.

Further questioning showed he had been drinking roughly eight energy drinks every day. Each one contained around 160 milligrams of caffeine, far above the recommended daily amount. When he stopped drinking them, his blood pressure settled and he no longer needed medication.

How Are Energy Drinks Bad For Your Heart?

Many energy drinks have high levels of caffeine and sugar, both of which can raise health concerns.

“Too much caffeine can disrupt sleep, worsen insomnia and add to mental health strain,” Dr. Frank Hu, a professor of nutrition and epidemiology at Harvard Medicine School of Public Health, told TODAY.com.

The FDA advises that up to 400 milligrams of caffeine a day is safe for most adults. A single energy drink can reach or exceed that range, Hu said. A small energy shot can contain around 230 milligrams of caffeine, an 8.4-ounce drink can have about 80 milligrams and a 20-ounce can may reach 190 milligrams. People react to caffeine differently, the FDA notes.

Katherine Zeratsky, a registered dietitian nutritionist at Mayo Clinic, said that caffeine on its own may be safe for many, but when it is combined with other stimulants commonly found in energy drinks, the total effect may be too strong for the heart and blood vessels.

“The idea is that caffeine mixed with other ingredients creates a stronger stimulant response that affects heart rate, heart rhythm or blood pressure,” Zeratsky told TODAY.com. “That is what can send someone to the emergency department with a cardiac issue.”

Along with caffeine, Hu and Julia Zumpano, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic’s Center for Human Nutrition, pointed out another problem in many energy drinks: large amounts of sugar.

“Excess sugar contributes to weight gain, obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Because these drinks offer calories without nutrients, it is very easy to take in more than you realise,” Hu said.

Zumpano noted that this sugar load is especially risky for people with diabetes, obesity, heart disease or high triglycerides, which increase the chance of heart attack and stroke. “These drinks can also play a part in developing those conditions,” she said.

Look At Ingredient Labels Before Consuming Energy Drink

If you need an energy boost, the experts encouraged choosing options that are healthier than energy drinks. But if you still decide to buy one, they suggested checking the label closely. Try to avoid caffeine and sugar levels that exceed daily recommendations and stay cautious of long ingredient lists.

Energy drinks often contain caffeine, sugar, added vitamins and amino acids. Common ingredients include ginseng, guarana, L-carnitine and taurine. Zumpano explained that while these may be considered safe on their own, their combined effect is not well understood.

“Some of these ingredients are familiar, and for others we do not have enough strong research, so they are not recommended if you plan to drink them often,” she said. She advised avoiding drinks with ingredients you do not recognise and choosing those with simpler formulations.

Eggoz, a premium egg-selling company landed in a controversy after a YouTube video went viral claiming that their sample had tested positive for Nitrofuran. This chemical is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, but is banned due to concerns about potential carcinogenicity and persistent residues. Studies have also shows that nitrofuran and its metabolites could cause cancer.

How Did This Brand Land In Cancer Controversy?

Trustified, a brand that provides laboratory testing shared a video that claimed to have found genotoxic substances in eggs produced by Eggoz Nutrition. This led to questions which were raised on the nutritional value of the eggs sold by the brand.

Arpit Mangal, who runs the social media channel, said that lab tests on eggs sold under the Eggoz brand showed the presence of AOZ, a marker that can signal past exposure to nitrofuran antibiotics during poultry production. He also shared an Instagram reel titled “Real Egg vs ‘Plastic Egg’ Claims – Lab Test Teaser,” telling viewers, “When was the last time you questioned the quality of your eggs? We took a deep dive into Eggoz, a brand everyone knows, and ran a test that’s never been done before. The results left us shocked.”

What Are The Doctors Saying?

Dr Sudhir Kumar, senior consultant Neurologist, Apollo Hospital told Times Now, "As of now, we do not need to get concerned, because it is well within the permissible limits, as with this much minute amount, there is no risk of cancer."

Experts say that while AOZ traces could be alarming, one needs to interpret the findings for scientific clarity.

"Eggs definitely have lots of benefits; they are a good source of protein and have vitamins, including B12. So, as of now, people should consume, but just that they should make sure that, yes, they are from a trusted source, and there should definitely be awareness that even good brands can have chemicals,” he added.

What Exactly Is AOZ?

AOZ, or 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone, is a metabolite linked to nitrofurans, a class of antibiotics that should not be used in poultry because of their potential to cause cellular and DNA-related damage when consumed in large or long-term doses. Experts clarify that finding trace amounts of AOZ in an isolated sample does not mean eggs are cancer-causing or unsafe for the public. Instead, its presence signals that the parent drug may have been used at some point.

Specialists explain that AOZ binds tightly to animal tissues and can linger long after the original antibiotic has broken down. This is why regulators consider AOZ a red-flag marker indicating previous exposure to nitrofurans rather than a direct toxin in itself.

Scientific studies have linked nitrofurans and their breakdown products to possible carcinogenic and mutagenic effects in animals. These concerns prompted many countries to introduce strict bans on their use in food-producing animals, including poultry, pigs, shrimp, and aquaculture.

Why Nitrofurans Are Banned

Nitrofurans were once popular in farming because they were inexpensive and worked effectively against a wide range of infections. However, they quickly convert into metabolites such as AOZ, AMOZ, AHD, and SEM, which become bound to tissues and can remain detectable for weeks. This persistence makes it difficult for authorities to monitor and prevent illegal use, and it raises concerns about potential long-term health risks for consumers.

Today, regulators in the European Union and several other regions use highly sensitive laboratory tests designed to detect these metabolites directly in products like meat, eggs, honey, and seafood. These tests help identify residues even when the original drug has vanished, ensuring greater oversight and food safety.

Energy Drinks And Stroke Risk: An absolutely fit and healthy man, 54, a runner too, a non-smoker, non-drinker and off the drugs, suffered a stroke that caused permanent damage to him. This is after he consumed energy drinks. It all started when he suddenly noticed a weakness in his left side of the body. It started with numbness and difficulties with balance, walking, swallowing and speech. This is when his family member rushed him to a nearby stroke clinic.

According to CNN: “His blood pressure was sky high, about 254 over 150 millimeters, yet when you looked at him you’ve never know it, because he looked so well. That’s why we call hypertension the silent killer,” said Dr. Sunil Munshi, a consulting physician at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust in the United Kingdom.

The man was a warehouse worker from Sherwood, Nottingham and the case is published in BMJ Case Reports, with Munshi being the senior author of the paper.

A Stroke Without A Clear Cause

As per Dr Munshi, the patient arrived at the hospital with numbness on his left side. Scans revealed a stroke in the thalamus, a deep part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination.

“His left side was numb, and scans showed he had a stroke in the deeper part of the brain, the thalamus, which explains the unsteadiness,” Dr. Munshi said. The man was admitted, and doctors began aggressive treatment. He required five different medications before his blood pressure fell to 170. Normal adult blood pressure is below 120 over 80 millimeters of mercury. Readings of 180 over 120 or higher qualify as a medical crisis.

Once discharged, the situation worsened. At home, his blood pressure rose again, reaching 220 despite continued treatment. With no clear medical cause, doctors conducted extensive tests. Everything came back negative.

The Hidden Clue: Eight Energy Drinks a Day

The breakthrough came only when the man casually mentioned his daily habit. To stay alert on long shifts, he drank eight highly potent energy drinks every day, two cans at four separate points. Each can contained about 160 milligrams of caffeine.

“Suddenly the diagnosis was clear,” Dr. Munshi said.

Study first author Dr. Martha Coyle noted that some energy drinks contain up to 500 milligrams of caffeine per can. For comparison, tea has about 30 milligrams and coffee about 90. In the United Kingdom, adults are advised to consume no more than 400 milligrams of caffeine a day. This man was taking in more than 1,200 milligrams, about triple the recommended limit. The US Food and Drug Administration gives the same advice.

After he stopped drinking energy beverages entirely, his blood pressure returned to normal within weeks. He is healthy today, but the stroke left lasting effects.

“I obviously wasn’t aware of the dangers,” the man told his doctors. “I have been left with numbness on the left side, in my hand, fingers, foot and toes even after eight years.”

Why Energy Drinks Can Be Dangerous

Researchers say the problem extends far beyond caffeine. Many energy drinks contain taurine, an amino acid that can raise blood pressure even more when combined with caffeine. High sugar levels also contribute to blood vessel damage.

“These drinks contain combinations of ingredients that increase blood pressure, affect metabolism and may damage blood vessels,” Dr. Munshi said. The beverages often include ginseng, guarana, theophylline and theobromine, all stimulants that can further strain the cardiovascular system.

Doctors have documented cases of cardiac arrhythmias, hemorrhages and strokes linked to heavy energy drink use. Some young adults combine them with cocaine or methamphetamine, a mix Munshi described as capable of causing “havoc.”

A Call for Greater Awareness and Regulation

Munshi believes this case should push doctors to ask patients about energy drink use, especially younger individuals presenting with heart issues or stroke-like symptoms. He said the drinks have become more potent over time and may warrant stricter regulation and clearer public warnings.

“We propose increased regulation of energy drink sales and advertising, which are often targeted at younger ages,” he said.