Have you ever been in a situation where you felt like you needed to pee but could not use a restroom? A lot of times, especially in public, during an office meeting or an interview, we come across such circumstances, while sometimes we hold pee to not embarrass ourselves socially, or just because of the lack of facilities. Doing that often may not be good for our health.

How much pee can a person hold?

The urinary bladder is a hollow, pear-shaped organ that forms part of the urinary system. The bladder's role while is to store urine, it also releases once the limit is crossed, which is around one pint or two cups of liquid. However, under certain circumstances, it can stretch to hold more than this.

We start to fee the urge to urinate when it is filled halfway.

What can happen if you hold your pee long too often?

When you hold your pee too often, your bladder stretches and the muscle weakens. As time pass by, it can become difficult for your bladder to empty it completely. This can lead to urinary retention, and being unable to fully emptying your bladder.

Discomfort Due To Holding Pee

Pain

Ignoring the urge to pee regularly can lead to pain or discomfort in the bladder or kidneys. When you eventually make it to the bathroom, urinating might feel painful.

Additionally, the muscles involved in holding urine may remain partially tense even after you’ve emptied your bladder, potentially causing pelvic cramps.

Urinary Tract Infection

One of the most common discomforts caused by holding in pee for too long is Urinary tract infection. It can cause bacteria to multiply.

As per the Urology Care Foundation, people should avoid holding in pee for extended periods, as it increases the risk of UTIs. Dehydration, poor personal hygiene, and certain medications can also increase the risk of developing a UTI.

Common symptoms of a UTI include:

• A burning or stinging sensation during urination
• Pain in the pelvis or lower abdomen
• A persistent urge to urinate
• Strong or foul-smelling urine
• Cloudy or discolored urine
• Consistently dark urine
• Blood in the urine

Bladder Stretching

As mentioned before, in long run, regularly holding in pee could cause the bladder to stretch and make it difficult or sometimes, impossible for the bladder to contract and release pee.

If someone has a stretched bladder, sometimes, extra measures like a catheter could also be necessary.

Damage to Pelvic Floor Muscles

Regularly holding in urine can strain and potentially damage the pelvic floor muscles.

One key muscle, the urethral sphincter, helps keep the urethra closed to prevent leaks. Damage to this muscle may lead to urinary incontinence. Performing pelvic floor exercises, like Kegels, can help strengthen these muscles, repair damage, and reduce the risk of leakage.

Kidney Stones

For individuals prone to kidney stones or those with high mineral levels in their urine, holding in pee may contribute to stone formation. Urine naturally contains minerals like uric acid and calcium oxalate, which can crystallize and form stones over time.

Feeling anxious, unable to perform well, and feeling burnt out at the workplace is a common problem facing employees slogging for over nine hours every day. But now, a study suggests that taking short vacations every two months can help reduce stress accumulation.

In a 2025 research paper titled “Maximizing Recovery: The Superiority of Frequent Vacations”, Selvaraj Giridharan from the Oncology Department at Tawam Hospital in Abu Dhabi suggests that taking short breaks can help improve mental well-being and boost work performance.

The study argued that instead of a long annual vacation, frequent short breaks are often more effective and help people mentally detach from work. This also helps them recover from burnout faster.

Researchers also found that the positive effects of vacations usually fade within a few weeks after returning to work, making regular breaks important for maintaining emotional balance and productivity.

"We emphasize how regular vacations facilitate recovery and enhance well-being, thereby reducing stress and improving performance. We advocate the integration of frequent breaks into workplace culture through practical strategies for both individuals and organizations," wrote study author Selvaraj Giridharan.

Long Working Hours Can Take A Toll On Mental Health

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Amid discussions around 70-hour work weeks advocated by industrialists like Narayana Murthy, the study comes as a breather.

The researchers, including experts from the National Health Service, stressed that sustained work-related stress causes significant psychobiological strain. This depletes physiological and psychological resources, manifesting as elevated cortisol levels, cognitive fatigue, and emotional exhaustion.

Without periodic recovery, this strain accumulates, increasing the risk of burnout, reduced productivity, and adverse health outcomes. India has seen several recent cases where workplace stress has affected people’s mental health, with some collapsing at work while others resorted to suicide.

Vacations Linked To Better Mood, Sleep, And Heart Health

Read More: Can Wegovy Improve Survival In Breast Cancer Patients? This Study Suggests It Could

The paper cited a meta-analysis of 22 studies that showed that vacations provide substantial psychological, physiological, and cognitive benefits.

It noted post-vacation reductions in exhaustion, improvements in mood, and increases in life satisfaction among employees.

The findings were found consistent with several studies which identified physiological improvements, including reduced cortisol levels, enhanced heart rate variability, and better sleep quality. These outcomes reflect mitigation of the physiological burden of chronic stress and position vacations as vital health interventions.

The researcher stated that vacations are essential for mitigating the psychobiological impacts of contemporary work and providing psychological, physiological, and cognitive advantages.

Although the duration of vacations is significant, frequent and shorter vacations are more effective in maintaining well-being through regular recovery, they said.

"This evidence-based perspective, rooted in effort-recovery theory, advocates strategic vacation planning by organisations and policymakers to prioritise workforce health. Societies should promote vacation policies that emphasise frequency in order to enhance employee well-being and performance,” the paper said.

In India, poor reproductive health awareness remains one of the most overlooked gaps in women’s healthcare. Many women continue to ignore gynecological symptoms, assuming them to be routine, temporary, or too embarrassing to discuss.

Persistent vaginal infections, irregular bleeding, untreated hormonal disorders, chronic pelvic pain, or recurring inflammation are often dismissed until they become severe. In some cases, these untreated or undiagnosed conditions can silently contribute to long-term health risks, including certain cancers.

The Problem With Partial Awareness

Today, many women have heard of conditions like PCOS, endometriosis, or fibroids. But awareness is often incomplete. Women may know the name of a condition, yet not know its warning signs, complications, or when medical attention is necessary.

For example, prolonged hormonal imbalance, obesity, irregular periods, and chronic inflammation may increase the risk of certain gynecological cancers over time. Similarly, lack of awareness about HPV, cervical screening, and vaccination continues to delay prevention and early diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Fertility awareness is another important gap. Many women are not familiar with their menstrual cycle, ovulation pattern, or normal reproductive changes. When women do not know what is normal for their own body, it becomes harder to recognize when something is wrong.

Social media has added another layer to this problem. While it has improved access to health information, it has also created confusion. Quick tips, unverified remedies, and incomplete advice can delay proper diagnosis and treatment.

The Knowledge Gap That Matters

Reproductive literacy is not just about knowing symptoms. It means understanding one’s body, menstrual cycle, sexual health, fertility, contraception, screening options, vaccination, and access to safe healthcare.

Unfortunately, stigma around sexual and reproductive health still prevents many women from seeking timely care. Symptoms such as abnormal discharge, bleeding after intercourse, pelvic pain, or irregular bleeding are often hidden out of fear, shame, or hesitation.

This delay is especially dangerous in cancers such as cervical, uterine, ovarian, and vaginal cancers, where early evaluation can make a major difference.

Actress Lisa Ray was diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma, an incurable but treatable blood cancer, in 2009. She successfully went into remission but experienced a cancer relapse shortly after her wedding in 2012.

During her journey to recovery, she became a prominent advocate for cancer awareness and research. However, it was during this period, at the age of 37, that she also suffered chemo-induced menopause — a topic she brushed aside, not wanting to bring it up out of shame and fear, reflecting the taboo society still associates with the natural end of a woman’s reproductive phase.

In an interaction with HealthandMe, the Oscar-nominated film Water (2005) actress opened up about her experience with chemo-induced menopause.

“I went into chemo-induced menopause at 37. I was given no support. I was completely lost. And even for a subsequent decade after that, I couldn’t find any answers. I didn’t know how to take care of myself. I didn’t know I had options,” she said.

‘I Carried This Burning Secret Inside Me’

The actress shared that she normalized many of her symptoms and avoided speaking openly about menopause despite being candid about cancer.

“I was so vocal about cancer. I’m actually somebody who prefers to be quite truthful about what I’m going through. I don’t really like to hide things. I’m not secretive by nature. And yet, I carried this burning secret inside me for so many years,” she said.

“When I was being lauded as someone who was breaking through the silence of cancer, I was carrying the silent secret inside me. I couldn’t understand why for many years. And I realized today, I was carrying shame.”

She noted that menopause continues to remain a deeply misunderstood and under-discussed subject, despite affecting all women.

‘Menopause Was Like A Black Box’

Lisa said conversations around menopause were absent even within families.

“My mother never talked to me about menopause. Of course, we discussed my period when I got it, but menopause was simply like a black box,” she said.

The actress recalled that discussions around perimenopause and menopause only began when many of her close friends started experiencing symptoms themselves.

Calling the silence around menopause “astonishing” and “extremely unjust,” Lisa said women’s hormonal health continues to be severely underfunded and misunderstood globally.

“Menopause impacts all women. Yet it’s treated like a dark secret,” she told HealthandMe.

Lisa added that once she began researching the issue, she became increasingly frustrated by the lack of awareness and medical attention surrounding menopause and hormonal health.

Menopause Not Getting Enough Attention

The actress said that after moving to Dubai, she began openly discussing menopause on social media, despite initially worrying about public reaction.

“Sometimes in social settings, women would almost shut down or turn away and say, ‘Don’t talk about that.’ But when I put it on social media, maybe it permitted a lot of other women to also find a place to have a conversation or a community,” she said.

To bring about change where women can speak freely about the topic and seek treatment early, Lisa has co-founded NuHer, a science-backed health clinic and platform dedicated to midlife care for women. It is designed to support perimenopause and menopause through personalized medical treatments, clinical psychology, and nutritional guidance.

When asked why she chose to focus on menopause and women’s hormonal health, the Four More Shots Please! actress stated, “Menopause is simply not getting the attention that it needs. Women are struggling to get the care that they need and understand their options.”

Lisa explained that while awareness around cancer has steadily improved in India since her multiple myeloma diagnosis in 2009, menopause remains “the next taboo or frontier.”

According to Lisa, NuHer aims to create a safe, science-backed space where women can access support without judgment or dismissal.

“We need a place where women can be heard, where they’re not dismissed, where they’re not gaslit, where they receive all the right science and the options they can choose for this journey,” she told HealthandMe.

She also criticized the tendency to dismiss menopausal symptoms as a “normal” part of aging without offering support or treatment options.

“Women are not broken. Menopause is not a disease like cancer that has to be cured. But women need support. We don’t need to normalize suffering,” Lisa said.

Menopause Is 'Stepping Into Our Power Age’

Speaking about aging and post-menopause life, Lisa argued that society often dismisses older women despite what she described as a biologically important phase of life.

“We’ve had terrible PR as aging women. We are dismissed and considered irrelevant when actually we’re stepping into our power age if we know how to take care of ourselves,” the acclaimed actress told HealthandMe.

However, the problem arises when menopause is left unaddressed, and the hormonal changes cause long-term health impacts, including bone health, heart disease risk, and possibly dementia.

“The problem is with the drop in hormones. If you don’t have strategies and lifestyle changes to support yourself post-menopause, you become a frail woman. Your bones suffer. You’re more prone to heart disease and possibly even dementia,” she said, urging more women to seek medical help during menopause and not suffer in silence.