A new report published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology challenges the conventional definition of obesity, and urges a shift from the reliance on Body Mass Index (BMI) to a more nuanced approach. This is supported by over 50 global medical experts. The report also recommends splitting the term "obesity" into two categories: "Clinical obesity" and "Pre-clinical obesity". This aims to improve diagnosis and treatment for over a billion people worldwide living with obesity.

Clinically Obese

This applies to individuals whose obesity has progressed to a disease state, manifesting in organ damage, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, or other health complications. These individuals could also experience symptoms like breathlessness, joint pain, or impaired daily functioning. Treatment also involves medical interventions, including weight-loss medications or surgery.

Pre-Clinic Obese

Whereas the term "pre-clinic obese" refers to those who are overweight but not yet exhibiting health issues. While they may be at risk of developing obesity-related conditions, their organ function and overall health remain intact. What they need is preventive care, which includes dietary guidance, counselling, and regular monitoring to avoid and reduce future health risks.

What does the study say?

The study, led by Professor Francesco Rubino from King's College London emphasizes that obesity is not one-size-fits-all condition. This means it should rather be treated as a spectrum as some individuals maintain normal organ function despite being classified as obese. There are others who may face severe health complications too. However, the current method of calculating obesity based on BMI often leads to misdiagnosis or inadequate care.

The report also states that BMI, while is useful for analyzing population trends, is a flawed unit of measuring individual health. Therefore, there is a need to redefine obesity, and healthcare professionals can provide more precise care by distinguishing those who need immediate medical intervention and those who require preventive strategies.

Limitations of BMI, Why It Falls Short?

BMI is used to classify individuals as underweight, healthy weight, overweight, or obese based on their height and weight. It is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by health in meters squared. However, there are reasons while it falls short.

•Muscle vs Fat: Athletes or muscular individuals often have high BMIs despite the low body fat

•Fat Distribution: BMI does not measure fat around the waist or organs, which could be more dangerous to one's health.

•Individual Health Variation: It also overlooks the specific health conditions such as heart diseases or diabetes, or any other, while evaluating a person's category in terms of weight.

ALSO READ: Is It Time To Say Goodbye To BMI?

Scope Of Study

By redefining obesity, the study could transform the approach to diagnosis and treatment. It can focus on individual health risks rather than BMI alone. Healthcare providers can also offer tailored care. This also will ensure hat weight-loss medications like Wegovy or Mounjaro are prescribed only to those who genuinely require it.

As per Professor Louise Baur from the University of Sydney, a Children's obesity expert said that this redefinition allows both adults and children to receive more appropriate care while reducing over-diagnosis and unnecessary treatments.

Perimenopause has become a regular conversation and its been high time that people are talking about it. You can see friends discussing it, social media coverage has increased and more importantly women are discussing this with their gynaecologists.

For decades, menopause was thought to be a single event - that is the day the periods stopped, but today we understand that the transition lasts for a few years. These changes can affect the quality of a woman’s life and hence I’m glad the conversation has gained more traction.

Perimenopause-Related Changes

Also read: Yoga Or Strength Training: What Can Help Manage Hot Flashes During Perimenopause?

First lets understand what perimenopause is. It literally means “around menopause” Its a transition phase where the ovaries gradually change the production of the hormones, mainly oestrogen and progesterone. It usually begins in the early 40’s but some women may experience it earlier.

One of the commonest signs of this is a change in the pattern of your menstrual cycle. Periods can be become longer or shorter, heavier or lighter. Basically the menstrual cycle becomes a bit unpredictable.

But periods aren’t the only sign. A woman may start experiencing disturbed sleep cycles. She may wake up randomly at 3am or feel exhausted despite getting 7-8 hours of sleep. Hot flushes and night sweats may also occur. Mood changes, irritability, anxiety and difficulty in concentration can also affect her quality of life.

Some women complain of being forgetful or more commonly used term "experience brain fog”. They forget names, lose train of though or struggle to multitask. There can also be a change in libido, vaginal dryness, discomfort during intercourse, headaches, join pain and alterations in skin and hair.

Besides this there could possibly a change in the body composition. A woman may notice increasing abdominal fat or find difficulty in maintaining her weight even though her lifestyle hasn’t changed.

Why The Current Focus On Wellness Is Important?

Also read: Explained: Why Some Women Start Experiencing Joint Pain As They Approach Menopause

The good part of this increase in awareness is that women are paying more attention to their health early rather than waiting of menopause. This transition phase provides a golden opportunity to reassess exercise, nutrition, sleep and preventative healthcare.

Strength training becomes even more valuable as it helps maintain muscle and bone mass.

Adequate protein, calcium and Vitamin D intake along with a balanced diet helps long term metabolic and bone health.

During this time, its important for a woman to even assess her cardiovascular health. Blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar and weight don’t just become numbers on the chart anymore, they become important markers of future health during this time.

Not Every Symptom Should Be Blamed On Hormones

However every label shouldn’t be blamed on perimenopause. Thyroid disorders, anaemia, vitamin deficiencies, depression and few other medical conditions can produce similar symptoms.

Unusually heavy bleeding, bleeding between periods or after intercourse also warrants medical assessment rather than being dismissed as “just hormones”.

With the increasing accessibility of GLP-1 weight-loss drugs such as Ozempic and Wegovy, more people are shedding pounds. But the transformation can come with its own caveats — sagging skin, hair loss and dental issues that may require further attention.

And if you thought women were the only ones taking the plunge, think again.

While women still account for the overwhelming majority of aesthetic treatments, demand among men in the US has risen in recent years, particularly among those who have undergone significant weight loss through GLP-1 therapies.

More US Men Seek Cosmetic Treatments

According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, men underwent 1.7 million cosmetic procedures in 2024, including surgeries and minimally invasive treatments such as laser skin resurfacing and Botox injections. That was a 2.7% increase from the previous year.

Of the total, more than 98,000 were surgeries, with eyelid surgery, liposuction and tummy tucks among the most commonly performed procedures.

“I’ve seen probably a doubling in the number of male patients that I treat over the last one to two years,” Sean Alemi, a New York-based facial plastic surgeon, was quoted as saying to Reuters.

Also read: Lehengas, Diets & Now Mounjaro: The New Must-Have For Indian Brides?

Experts say demand will keep rising as more weight-loss drugs, including new pill versions, reach the market.

In the first quarter of 2026, nearly 70% of men who underwent surgical procedures had a history of GLP-1 use, Dr. Bob Basu, president of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, said.

Younger men often seek procedures to remove loose skin and improve the appearance of an athletic physique, while older men are focused on signs of aging, particularly in the face and neck, doctors said.

Rapid Weight Loss May Affect Surgical Outcomes

Read More: GLP-1 Drugs Making You Lose Muscle Along With Fat? Scientists Discover Game Changing Weight-Loss Compound To Tackle It

The growing popularity of GLP-1 drugs has also created a new generation of body-contouring patients, along with new challenges for plastic surgeons, according to recent research by Duke University.

The research suggests that how much weight patients lose — and how quickly they lose it — could affect surgical results when tightening or removing excess skin after massive weight loss.

For the study, published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Duke researchers analyzed more than a decade of abdominal body-contouring procedures, such as tummy tucks, and found that patients who lost large amounts of weight quickly faced higher risks of surgical complications.

The more than 500 patients studied were grouped based on how they lost weight: through bariatric surgery alone, GLP-1 medications such as semaglutide and tirzepatide alone, or a combination of both.

The highest complication rates were seen among patients who combined surgery with GLP-1 drugs that reduce appetite. These patients not only lost the most weight overall — about 29% of their body weight, compared with 10% among GLP-1 users — but did so at the fastest rate.

A New Challenge for Plastic Surgeons

But those rapid changes may come with tradeoffs, said senior study author and professor of surgery Ash Patel, MBChB, a plastic and reconstructive surgeon at Duke Health.

“These are highly effective weight-loss tools, and they are changing the patient population we see in body contouring,” Patel said. “We’re operating on people whose bodies have undergone rapid, profound changes, and that affects healing.”

Kidneys are two bean shaped structures, located on the back side of the abdomen, one each on right and left side. It filters blood by removing waste products via urine. Besides this it also functions as an endocrine organ, producing hormones like renin (for blood pressure control), erythropoietin (for hemoglobin production) and aids in active vitamin D formation (for bone health).

Though human beings have two kidneys usually, there are situations where individuals can lead a healthy life on one kidney. This could be developmental anomaly (since birth). Congenital absence of one kidney is called renal agenesis, and these individuals lead a normal life with normal kidney function.

Sometimes, a single kidney is acquired due to removal of one kidney for donation. As in a healthy donor gives their kidney to someone in need, whose both kidneys have failed. This is indeed a noble gesture and one that does not come with any significant impact on the donor’s quality of life.

Can You Live With One Kidney After Donation?

Also read: When a Fever Is More Than a Fever: Recurrent UTIs in Children Can Put Kidneys at Risk

The process of organ donation, where a healthy person’s healthy kidney is removed for the therapeutic purpose to benefit another individual suffering from kidney failure, is called donor nephrectomy. The first such surgery was done in the USA in the year 1954, with open surgery.

Now a days, most donor nephrectomies are done either with laparoscopy (key hole surgery) or robot assisted. Thus, a question that often arises in such times is, whether one can live with one kidney after kidney organ donation? To understand this, one should first understand that a donor undergoes a thorough rigorous fitness evaluation to determine if kidney donation is viable.

During this evaluation process, kidney function of both kidneys are evaluated. The kidney donor is deemed fit to donate the kidney only after it is ascertained that the donor has two healthy kidneys free from any disease, and the donor would be able to lead a normal life with one kidney. it is also ascertained that the other kidney transplanted in another is also having good kidney function to survive in the recipient.

What Happens To The Donor After Kidney Donation?

Another commonly asked question that doctors often get is, what happens to the kidney donor with one kidney after donation? Most kidney donors live long healthy life after organ donation. However, it should be appreciated that every individual is different, and age at the time of organ donation matters a lot. Risk is generally low, and they carry out their regular activities as before. Rarely the donor has a slight chance of developing high blood pressure or protein leak in the urine.

However, overall risk of significant kidney disease is <1%, which is considered less than having the similar risk in general population. Though, there may be slightly higher chances of developing high blood pressure during pregnancy in a kidney donor. However, in majority of cases, Kidney donation is generally a safe procedure, and most donors continue to lead healthy, active lives with one kidney. With appropriate long-term follow-up and healthy lifestyle choices, donors can maintain excellent kidney health after donation.

By Dr. Hemant Mehta, Consultant Interventional Nephrologist, Lilavati Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai