Your skin is often considered a reflection of your body's inner wellbeing, when it comes to kidney function, the connection goes beyond what may initially be something on the surface. The kidneys are responsible for filtering out wastes and toxins in the blood, balancing electrolytes, and helping to control moisture levels. Once kidney function breaks down, its effects are felt not only overall but also are reflected in discernible skin-related changes—dryness, pigmentation, long-term itching, and even hives.

But when the kidneys are unwell, they do not just impair internal function but also manifest themselves on the outside, and specifically on the skin. In the opinion of Dr. Sreedhar Reddy, Urologist and Urology Surgeon, "Kidney-related ailments frequently cause palpable changes to the skin, which may act as preliminary signals for renal illness."

Link Between Your Kidney Health and your Skin

When the kidneys do not effectively remove waste products and excess water from the body, toxins in the blood buildup. This accumulation manifests as several dermatological manifestations indicating intrinsic renal disease. These are:

Xerosis (Severe Dryness of the Skin): Patients can have very dry, rough, scaly skin, which is usually accompanied by cracking. Dr. Reddy describes, "Extremely dry skin that is tight and tends to crack is frequently seen in patients with end-stage kidney disease who are on dialysis or need a transplant."

Pruritus (Itchy Skin): Itching is one of the most common symptoms of kidney disease. A recent survey of individuals on hemodialysis found that 61% reported experiencing at least a moderate level of itching, with 25% describing it as "very" or "extremely intense." This persistent itch occurs as waste products accumulate in the blood, irritating nerve endings.

Pigment Disorders and Rashes: Inability of the kidneys to function properly can cause the accumulation of metabolic byproducts in the skin, causing color changes and rashes. "Dome-shaped, intensely itchy rashes tend to mean that the kidneys are not clearing toxins well," adds Dr. Reddy.

Effect of Kidney Disease on Overall Appearance

Aside from skin disorders, kidney disease has an effect on a person's overall appearance because of metabolic disturbances and fluid imbalance.

Weight Changes: Kidney disease may result in sudden weight loss from muscle atrophy or sudden weight gain from fluid buildup. "Patients tend to develop swelling of the face, hands, and feet because of too much fluid," explains Dr. Reddy.

Changes in Skin Texture and Color: Kidney impairment can result in pallor, yellowish or grayish complexion, and a dull skin.

Hair and Nail Changes: Thin hair, ridges, and brittle nails are reported by many patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Kidney Disease and Its Link to Other Health Conditions

Some other health disorders linked with kidney disease can cause skin conditions and changes in appearance:

Diabetes and Hypertension: Diabetes and hypertension are major causes of kidney disease, and both diseases can worsen skin conditions like itching and delayed healing of wounds.

Liver Dysfunction: A dysfunctional liver, usually associated with kidney problems, can cause bile salts to pile up beneath the skin, which may cause intense itching.

Blood Diseases and Autoimmune Disorders: Certain cancers, thyroid disease, and autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease may also lead to long-term itching secondary to systemic inflammation and nerve stimulation.

How to Keep Your Kidneys Healthy?

For those of us who care about our skin and our well-being, ensuring that our kidneys are functioning properly is important. Dr. Reddy stresses that making some small lifestyle adjustments can greatly enhance kidney health and stave off overt skin decline.

1. Have a Kidney-Friendly Diet

Reducing the intake of sodium, phosphorus, and potassium while increasing antioxidant-rich foods can protect kidney function and enhance skin health.

2. Stay Hydrated

Adequate water intake helps flush out toxins, reducing the burden on the kidneys and preventing dryness and irritation in the skin.

3. Exercise Regularly

Physical activity improves circulation, enhances waste elimination, and supports overall metabolic function.

4. Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Tobacco and alcohol also add to kidney stress, resulting in fluid buildup and inflammation that may adversely affect the skin.

5. Routine Health Checkups

Routine tests of blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and kidney function may help identify early evidence of kidney disease, averting severe complications.

When to Consult A Doctor?

Early warning signs of kidney disease can be identified and avoided in order to prevent severe complications. If you suddenly notice unexplained itching, a chronic rash, extreme dryness, swelling, or a great weight gain, seek advice from a health expert. Kidney function can be tested by conducting blood tests that eliminate other health conditions like diabetes, anemia, or thyroid disorders.

Your kidneys are also responsible for detoxification, the balance of fluid, and metabolism. When compromised, the effects are not only internal but also evident on your complexion and overall look. By living healthy, keeping an eye on kidney function, and consulting a doctor when needed, one can have healthy kidneys along with maintaining healthy skin's natural sparkle and radiance. Dr. Reddy affirms, "Healthy kidneys mean healthy skin. Paying attention to both can improve overall well-being and quality of life."

Dr. Sreedhar Reddy is a MBBS, MS(Gen sur), DNB (Urology), MNAMS (urology), FRTS, FIMS at Apollo Hospital, Bangalore in India

People have different eating habits. While some people enjoy eating in a group and like socializing while eating, others enjoy a quieter setting. Eating alone is not something out of the ordinary, but there could be bad consequences for you. A study published in the International Journal of Enviromental Research and Public Health 2021 explained how the motivation for solo dining matters a lot, if you are eating alone because you wish to improve your health and your habits, that is positive. However, if your solo dining is not self-motivated, it can trigger physical and mental health issues.

The study showed that eating alone can lead to a higher risk of malnutrition and depression. In another study published in the 2023 Journal Appetite, the participants who were interviewed for the study believed that eating alone was beneficial for health, particularly for their health and social well-being. While eating alone is frequently viewed negatively. Here are some ways solo dining affects you.

Mental Health Impacts

Eating alone often means less social interaction, which can lead to feelings of loneliness and sadness. A study published in the 2021 Korean Journal of Family Medicine showed a strong link between frequently eating by yourself and an increased risk of depression. When we eat with others, we feel more connected and part of a group, which helps our mental well-being. Another study published in the Oxford Journal Age and Ageing came to the same conclusion, without this social connection, people may feel isolated, and their mood can suffer. Also, when you’re feeling down, you might not have the motivation to cook healthy meals, which can worsen your mood. If you or someone you know is struggling with mental health, it's important to reach out for help. There are many resources available to support you.

Cardiovascular Health Risks

Eating alone can put a strain on your heart health. A study published in the Journal of Menopause Society revealed that older women who regularly eat alone are more likely to develop heart problems like angina. This is often because people who eat alone tend to have poorer diets. They might skip meals or eat unhealthy foods, which can lead to nutritional deficiencies. Another 2023 study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology showed that eating alone can lead to stress and emotional eating. When stressed, some people eat too much, which can damage their heart over time. Binge eating and irregular eating patterns can also put a strain on your heart. It’s important to eat regular, balanced meals and find healthy ways to manage stress.

Metabolic Syndrome and Weight Gain

Eating alone can increase your risk of metabolic syndrome, which includes things like high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and extra belly fat. A 2018 study published in the Obesity Research & Clinical Practice showed that men who eat alone, especially unmarried men, have a higher risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Women who eat alone are also at risk. These conditions can lead to serious health problems like type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Also, when you eat alone, you might not pay as much attention to how much you eat or what you're eating. You might grab quick, unhealthy meals or eat while distracted, which can lead to weight gain. Eating with others helps you focus on your food and control your portions.

Immune System and Inflammation

When you eat alone and feel lonely, your immune system can be affected. Loneliness can make your body react differently to germs and infections. The 2021 study published in the International Journal of Enviromental Research and Public Health showed that lonely people might have an overactive immune response, which can lead to inflammation. Loneliness disrupts both your immune system and your metabolism, leading to a cascade of problems. It changes the levels of substances like inflammatory markers, growth factors, and immune cells, affecting how your body fights infections and responds to vaccines. It's important to stay socially connected to keep your immune system healthy.

Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist Bill Gates is all set to visit India for the third time in three years. This has reaffirmed his commitment to advancing healthcare, technology, and development. His visit also marks the 25th anniversary of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, whose Board of Trustees is meeting in the Global South for the first time. India is where the foundation has been working for over two decades now. It has emerged as a hub for many new, rather, groundbreaking health initiatives.

What Has Gate Foundation Done So Far In India?

Gates in his piece "My 3rd trip in India in 3 years" has talked about the role his foundation has played in India's health advancements. This is especially true when it comes to disease eradication, vaccination and public health infrastructure.

Polio Eradication: Gates recalled his visit in 2011, when the country was one of the last battling polio. He also noted the efforts of relentless vaccination campaigns and government efforts that made India record its last polio case that year. Ever since, India has remained polio-free.

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He also wrote about the Avahan program, which adopted a community-driven approach to HIV prevention. Its success eventually led to its integration into the government’s broader health strategy.

He also spoke about world's highest TB burden to be in India. However, he appreciated innovations like AI-powered detection and improvement in treatment strategies and facilities that have accelerated progress toward elimination.

He also noted India's efforts in expanding its routine immunization programs, and utilizing digital dashboards to track vaccine coverage, monitor cold storage, and improve maternal and child healthcare outcomes.

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India Has an Evolving Health Landscape

Over the years, India’s healthcare system has undergone significant transformation, driven by public-private partnerships, technological advancements, and large-scale policy interventions. Some of the key developments include:

Expansion of Affordable Diagnostics: Indian companies are working on low-cost diagnostic solutions, such as a saliva-based TB test priced under $2, which could revolutionize early disease detection.

Growth in Vaccine Manufacturing: India has become a global leader in affordable vaccine production, ensuring life-saving vaccines reach millions worldwide.

Integration of AI in Healthcare: AI-powered tools are enhancing early disease detection, optimizing pregnancy care, and streamlining patient data management, improving overall healthcare accessibility.

Addressing Malnutrition: Gates has praised India for its focus on combating malnutrition through initiatives like fortified food distribution via the Midday Meal System and public feeding programs.

India's Global Health Leadership

India's health innovations are not just transforming the country but it has also benefitted the world. During its G20 presidency in 2023, India committed to sharing its advancements in vaccine manufacturing, AI-driven diagnostics, and public health strategies.

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Boils that form in or around the ear can be painful and irritating, and knowing how to handle them is key to preventing complications. Experts warn that you should never try to pick, pop, puncture, or cut open an ear boil, as doing so may spread the bacterial infection and lead to further issues, including more boils.

If you notice a bump in or around your ear, it's likely to be either a pimple or a boil. While both can be uncomfortable and cosmetically unpleasant, boils require special care. Understanding how to recognize, treat, and prevent them is essential for ear health.

How To Identify An Ear Boil

A boil typically presents as a painful, red, and hard lump on the skin. These tend to appear in areas with hair and sweat—yes, that includes your ear canal, which has fine hairs that, along with earwax, help trap dirt and debris.

Because it’s hard to see inside your ear, it may be difficult to distinguish a boil from a pimple. However, a boil will generally grow larger than a pea and become soft or "fluctuant," meaning it contains fluid inside. If you or someone else can safely examine the bump, look for signs like swelling, pinkish-red skin, and a white or yellow centre. Boils in the ear may also cause pain in the ear, jaw, or head, and might even affect hearing if they block the ear canal.

Safe Treatment At Home

In some cases, ear boils will heal without medical intervention. To help them drain naturally, keep the area clean, apply warm compresses several times a day, and avoid touching or squeezing the boil. If using a compress inside the ear, ensure it’s made from clean medical cloth and isn’t overly wet, as excess moisture could cause a swimmer's ear.

What Causes Ear Boils?

Boils form due to bacterial infections, usually from Staphylococcus aureus, that develop in hair follicles. The infection results in a buildup of pus and dead tissue, which forms a visible bump. They’re more common in areas with hair and frequent sweating, like the armpits, face, neck, inner thighs, and buttocks. To prevent ear boils, gently clean your ears during showers and avoid harsh or invasive cleaning tools.

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When To See A Doctor

If the boil doesn’t resolve on its own within two weeks, it’s time to seek medical care. A doctor may need to perform a minor surgical procedure to drain the pus by making a small incision. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to clear the infection.

You should seek professional treatment if:

- The boil keeps coming back

- It persists beyond two weeks

- You develop a fever or nausea

- The pain becomes severe

Avoid using tweezers, fingers, cotton swabs, or any tools to try and examine or remove the boil yourself, as the ear canal is highly sensitive and prone to further infection from scratches or irritation.

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