Only .1% children, aged between 8 and 17 who identify as transgender or gender-diverse are prescribed gender-afforming hormones or puberty blockers as per the study done by researchers at the Harvard University and FOLX Health, a healthcare provider for the LGBTQ+ community. This report was published in the JAMA Pediatrics, which analyzed 5 million private insurance claims filed between 2018 and 2022. This is onset of the public uproar over teenagers and children changing their genders, transgender teenagers and children rarely getting the prescribed gender-affirming medication. The lead author Landon Hughes, a postdoctoral fellow at the university's school of public health said, "The politicization of gender-affirming care for transgender youth has been driven by a narrative that millions of children are using hormones and that this type of care is too freely given. Our findings reveal that is not the case."What do the findings mean?The findings also highlighted that no patients under 12 had received the gender-affirming hormones and higher rates of puberty blockers were prescribed for patients assigned female at birth. Why is that the case?This happens mostly in the condition called the 5-Alpha Reductace Deficiency. When the baby is in the fetus, the genital areas of both males and females remain the same. During the development of the genital, in such cases, the phallus does not full elongate and resembles something in between a clitoris and a penis head. The scrotum also remains split in two and urethral opening remains on the underside of the penis. The genetalia does not look male or female, however, due to non-fusion of the scrotum and urethral opening, the child is often assigned female at birth. Which could be one of the reasons why higher rates of puberty blockers were prescribed for patients assigned female at birth.What the data says?About 3.3% of US high school students identify as transgenders and an additional 2.2% have questioned if they were at the same point, as per the latest annual Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What do puberty blockers do?Puberty blockers which were originally approved for children whose sexual development occurs too soon are now prescribed to delay the onset of puberty or to pause for those who do not identify with their assigned birth. These are called GnRH agonists, which stops the body from making hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen.In individuals assigned male at birth, it slows down the growth of facial and body hairs and also prevents voice deepening and limits the growth of sex organs. Whereas in individual assigned female at birth, it limits breast development and stops menstruation.Delaying puberty in transgender allows them more time to explore and integrate their identity. This is also helpful for those who experience gender dysphoria. It is a condition that describes a sense of unease that a person may have because of a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity. As per the National Health Service (NHS) UK, "Most people identify as "male" or "female". These are sometimes called "binary" identities. However, some people feel their gender identity is different from their biological sex. For example, some people may have male genitals and facial hair but do not identify as a male or feel masculine."