Metabolism plays a big role in our health, it’s not just about helping your digestive system work smoothly, but the way your body breaks down the food and helps nutrients get absorbed into the body that matters. But often due to one reason or the other, your metabolism can slow down, which then causes issues with people. Many people think that the reason they may be gaining weight could be because of their poor metabolism, so how does one go about fixing this issue and how do you even know that the fault lies with your metabolism.

To understand why your metabolism may be slowing down, we must understand what role it exactly plays. Metabolism is the process your body uses to turn food into energy. It's essential for everything from breathing and digestion to keeping you warm. Several things affect how fast your metabolism works, including your genes, health, and lifestyle. A slow metabolism means your body burns fewer calories, which can lead to tiredness, dry skin, weight gain, and cravings.

Why Does Your Metabolism Slow Down?

There can be many reasons why your metabolism may be slowing down. You inherit some of it, and it tends to slow down as you age, often due to changes in your body and less muscle. Men and women have different metabolisms because of body size, makeup, and hormones. What you eat matters too – not enough healthy food or a very low-calorie or high-fat diet can slow it down. A lazy lifestyle, lack of sleep, and stress can also make your metabolism sluggish. Certain health problems like diabetes or an underactive thyroid, and even environmental factors, may also play a role.

Signs You Need To Improve Your Metabolism

While these are some common signs, it is best to visit a healthcare professional and ask for their opinions before you try a solution. There are many underlying reasons as to why you are experiencing slow metabolism, it can also be a side-effect of some medicine. A healthy lifestyle goes a long way, especially for people who already have digestive issues, kidney or even mental health issues like stress and anxiety.

Constant Fatigue

Feeling tired all the time, even without a good reason, could mean your metabolism is slow. A slow metabolism means your body breaks down food into energy slowly, leaving you with low energy levels. You might feel sluggish or get tired easily throughout the day. Changes in what you eat or your body composition (how much fat and muscle you have) can also make you feel more tired.

Dry Skin

Dry skin is common in winter, but if you have it all the time, it could be a sign of a slow metabolism. Thyroid hormones help control your metabolism and also keep your skin hydrated. If your thyroid isn't working right and your metabolism is slow, your skin might get very dry.

Weight Gain

If you're eating healthy and exercising but still gaining weight, a slow metabolism could be the problem. A slow metabolism doesn't turn food into energy quickly, so you burn fewer calories. Extra calories are stored as fat, making it hard to lose weight.

Feeling Cold

Feeling cold even when it's not cold outside can be a sign of a slow metabolism. Your body generates heat through metabolism. If your metabolism is slow, your body temperature might be lower. Some studies show that people with an underactive thyroid or obesity may have lower body temperatures because of a slow metabolism. This can be because of problems with thyroid hormones, which help your body make heat.

Food Cravings

Craving sugary or fatty foods can be a sign of a slow metabolism. Studies show that cravings are related to metabolic health. This is especially true for people who don't eat enough healthy foods, have bad eating habits, or have low muscle mass and high fat mass. Cravings might also mean your body isn't getting enough energy from the food you eat, so it wants more energy.

Mood Swings

Everyone has mood swings sometimes. But if you have them often, it could be from a slow metabolism. Low energy and hormone problems that come with a slow metabolism can make you irritable and frustrated. Some older research also suggests a link between mental health issues and a slow metabolism.

Digestive Problems

Digestion and metabolism are connected. Digestion breaks down food, and metabolism turns it into energy. If your metabolism changes, like slowing down, it can affect your digestion. A slow metabolism can cause constipation, bloating, or diarrhea.

Asthma is often thought of as an "outdoor" problem, with triggers such as smog, pollen, or car exhaust. But for many, the real danger may be sitting right there on the sofa or hiding under the sink.

The chronic condition affects over 260 million people. It is also responsible for over 450,000 deaths each year worldwide.

If you're doing everything right with your inhaler but still feel that tightness in your chest, it’s time to look at silent indoor triggers.

1. The Bedding "Dynasty"

“It’s a bit unsettling, but your mattress is likely home to millions of microscopic dust mites. They love the warmth and humidity of a bed. You won't see them, but you’ll feel them,” Dr. Sandeep Nayar, Principal Director & HOD - Chest & Respiratory Diseases, BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital, told HealthandMe.

The Fix: Don’t just wash your sheets; use hot water (60°C). If you haven't encased your pillows in allergen-proof covers yet, make that your priority this weekend.

2. Moisture is the Enemy

Dr Nayar said mold isn't always a giant green patch. It hides in the "sweat" behind your wallpaper or the damp corners of a bathroom that doesn't vent well. If a room smells even slightly musty, mold spores are likely in the air.

The Tip: Keep your home's humidity below 50 per cent. A simple dehumidifier can sometimes do more for your lungs than an extra dose of medicine.

3. It’s Not Just the Fur

Many people think "hypoallergenic" pets are the cure. It’s actually a protein in pet saliva and skin flakes (dander) that causes the flare-up.

The Reality: Even if you keep the dog off the bed, dander travels on your clothes. HEPA air purifiers are a must-have if you share your home with a furry friend.

4. The "Clean" Smell Myth

That "fresh lemon" scent or your favorite scented candle? Those are Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). To a sensitive lung, those chemicals are irritants, not cleaners.

The Switch: Move toward fragrance-free products. If a cleaning spray makes you cough, your body is telling you everything you need to know.

5. Urban Uninvited Guests

In cities, cockroach droppings are a massive, often ignored asthma trigger. Their proteins mix with household dust and get kicked up every time you walk across the floor.

The Strategy: Seal the cracks in your walls and keep the kitchen bone-dry.

Other asthma triggers include dust mites, pet dander, indoor smoke, and strong cleaning agents that can worsen symptoms over time

How To Prevent Indoor Asthma Triggers

Dr. Manisha Mendiratta, Director & Head - Pulmonology, Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad, told HealthandMe that the key is prevention through simple, consistent habits. To make a meaningful difference, the expert urged people to

• ensure good ventilation,
• reduce indoor humidity,
• clean soft furnishings regularly,
• avoid aerosol-based products.
• ise air purifiers,
• keep windows open when possible,
• creating a smoke-free space.

“Most importantly, patients should identify their personal triggers and act early, because managing their indoor environment is just as critical as managing their medication,” added Dr. Mendiratta.

Cancer is a complex disease, and its diagnosis often involves multiple tests, procedures, and high costs. Patients frequently undergo several blood draws and investigations before a clear result is reached.

Now, a revolutionary new low-cost test has shown promise in detecting multiple cancers using just a single blood sample.

Beyond cancer detection, the test may also help identify various liver conditions and organ abnormalities by analyzing DNA fragments circulating in the bloodstream.

The test, developed by scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles, is known as MethylScan. The novel test works by analyzing cell-free DNA, tiny fragments of genetic material released into the blood when cells die.

In early tests, MethylScan detected about 63 per cent of cancers across all stages and roughly 55 per cent of early-stage cancers.

The test, described in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, could offer a powerful and more affordable approach to early disease detection and comprehensive health monitoring.

“Early detection is crucial,” said Dr. Jasmine Zhou, Professor of Pathology at UCLA Health.

“Survival rates are far higher when cancers are caught before they spread. If you detect cancer at stage one, outcomes are dramatically better than at stage four,” Dr Zhou added.

How Does The New Cancer Test Work?

MethylScan studies DNA methylation—chemical tags on DNA that reflect tissue health and can change when disease develops.

Since most circulating DNA comes from healthy cells, advanced machine learning is used to identify subtle disease signals.

The New Cancer Test Is A Health Radar

In the study, MethylScan analyzed blood samples from 1,061 people, including patients with liver, lung, ovarian, and stomach cancers.

For multi-cancer detection, the test achieved a high level of overall accuracy. At a specificity of 98 per cent, meaning few false positives, it detected about 63 per cent of cancers across all stages and roughly 55 per cent of early-stage cancers.

The test also performed well in liver cancer surveillance among high-risk individuals, including those with liver cirrhosis or HBV. It detected nearly 80 per cent of cases at a specificity of just over 90 per cent, meaning a less than 10 per cent false positive rate.

The blood test could also distinguish between different types of liver disease, including viral hepatitis and metabolic-associated liver disease. It correctly classified about 85 per cent of patients, suggesting blood-based DNA testing could reduce the need for invasive liver biopsies.

In addition, the researchers noted that MethylScan can work like a health radar for the body. By reading DNA signals in the blood, it can tell when specific organs, such as the liver or lungs, are under stress or damaged, even without knowing the disease in advance.

“This study demonstrates that blood-based methylation profiling can deliver clinically meaningful information across multiple diseases,” said Zhou. “It’s an exciting advancement that brings us closer to realizing the dream of a single assay for universal disease detection.”

Most people assume dandruff simply means white flakes. In clinical practice, however, we commonly see two different patterns—oily dandruff and dry dandruff. Both can cause flaking and itching, but the scalp environment, type of flakes, and recurrence pattern can differ significantly. Understanding which type you have helps in choosing the right scalp care. Using random shampoos without understanding your scalp often provides only temporary relief, and the flakes keep returning.

Dr Ankur Sarin, Dermatologist at Sarin Wellness and Co-founder, sarinskin.com, in an interview with Health and Me, explained the differences and management approaches.

What Causes Dandruff?

Dandruff is a common scalp condition linked to an imbalance involving a naturally occurring yeast called Malassezia. This organism lives on most human scalps and feeds on sebum, the natural oil produced by the scalp.

In some individuals, the scalp becomes sensitive to the by-products produced when this yeast breaks down sebum. This irritation can lead to inflammation and faster turnover of skin cells.

Normally, scalp skin sheds invisibly. However, when cell turnover speeds up, these cells accumulate and appear as visible flakes. Mild itching, irritation, and redness can also occur. The amount of oil present on the scalp often influences how dandruff appears, which is why the condition can show up as either oily or dry flaking.

Oily Dandruff: When Excess Oil Drives the Flaking

What It Looks Like: Oily dandruff usually appears as yellowish or off-white flakes that look slightly sticky or clumped together. These flakes often stick to the scalp or nails rather than falling freely on clothing.

What It Feels Like: The scalp may feel greasy within one or two days after washing. Itching is usually persistent but moderate. Some people may also notice mild redness.

What’s Happening on the Scalp

Excess sebum creates a favourable environment for Malassezia yeast to grow more actively. Factors that can worsen oily dandruff include:

1. Humid weather
2. Sweating
3. Helmet use
4. Heavy styling products
5. Infrequent scalp cleansing

Simply washing more often or using cosmetic shampoos may remove surface oil temporarily, but they do not control yeast growth, so flakes tend to return quickly.

Dry Dandruff: Fine Flakes That Fall Like Snow

1. What It Looks Like: Dry dandruff appears as fine, powdery white flakes that easily fall onto the shoulders, especially visible on dark clothes.
2. What It Feels Like: The scalp may feel slightly tight or dry. Itching is usually mild to moderate rather than intense.

What’s Happening on the Scalp

Dry dandruff is often confused with simple scalp dryness caused by cold weather, harsh shampoos, or over-washing. However, recurrent fine flaking is still frequently associated with Malassezia-related irritation, even if the scalp does not feel very oily. This means that simply increasing oiling or switching to moisturising shampoos may improve comfort but may not completely resolve the flaking.

Why Each Type Needs Slightly Different Care

The key difference between oily and dry dandruff lies in scalp oil levels and flake texture.

1. Oily dandruff requires controlling excess oil along with antifungal action.
2. Dry dandruff requires maintaining scalp balance without excessive stripping while still addressing yeast activity.

Many regular shampoos simply cleanse the hair. They may wash away flakes temporarily but do not treat the underlying microbial imbalance. For better control, it helps to look for clinically studied antifungal ingredients. One such ingredient is piroctone olamine, which helps reduce the growth of dandruff-associated yeast.

Benefits of Piroctone Olamine in Scalp Care

1. Effective antifungal activity
2. Gentle on the scalp barrier
3. Suitable for regular use
4. Works across different climates and scalp types

Consistent use helps maintain scalp balance and reduce recurrence.

How to Identify Your Dandruff Type

A few simple observations can help:

1. Does your scalp become greasy quickly after washing?
2. Are the flakes sticky and clumped?
3. Or are they fine and powdery?
4. Do flakes persist even when you moisturise the scalp?

A simple home check is to press a small strip of butter paper on the scalp parting. If it quickly shows oil marks, your scalp may lean towards the oily side.

The Takeaway

Checking the ingredient list and using shampoos with proven antifungal ingredients regularly can help maintain long-term scalp health. Consistency matters — because dandruff is a recurring condition that needs ongoing scalp care, not a one-time fix.