Diabetes is a chronic disease, and many patients present with classic symptoms of the disease: increased thirst and urination and unintended weight changes. However, there's a less apparent connection between diabetes and frequent infections. These recurring infections may actually be a warning sign of unchecked blood sugar levels, often before a diagnosis. Early recognition can lead to earlier detection and management, possibly avoiding severe complications in the future.

Diabetes makes a conducive environment inside the body where harmful microorganisms can easily find a niche. Thus, persons with diabetes get more easily susceptible to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. People with diabetes usually have a blunted immune response due to blood sugar elevation which affects the regular mechanisms of their body for proper defense. Because of the resultant poor immunity plus reduced circulation along with nerve impairment, infections occur and deteriorate rapidly.

How Diabetes Makes the Body Prone to Infections

A high glucose level in blood and tissues is conducive for the growth of bacteria and fungi. For example, Candida yeast infections, athlete's foot, and jock itch are commonly reported among those with diabetes.

High blood sugar compromises the ability of white blood cells to fight infections. This form of immunosuppression renders the body susceptible to recurrent and severe infections, such as respiratory and urinary tract infections (UTIs).

This commonly results in diabetic peripheral neuropathy and vascular complications. Low blood flow translates into reduced oxygenation and nutrient supply to extremities such as hands and feet, thus predisposing a patient to a higher risk of slow-healing wounds and eventually to infections. In chronic diabetes, nerve damage is known to impede the emptying of the bladder, predisposing the patient to urinary tract infections.

Types of Infections Commonly Linked to Diabetes

People with diabetes are at a higher risk for several types of infections, such as:

Skin Infections

Conditions like boils, styes, and cellulitis are more common in people with diabetes. These infections can become worse rapidly if left untreated.

Yeast Infections

Caused by Candida, yeast infections are very common and occur in the mouth (oral thrush), genitals, and skin folds.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Diabetes predisposes to cystitis because of incomplete emptying of the bladder and high sugar content in the urine, which favors bacterial growth.

Respiratory Infections

Influenza, pneumonia, and sinus infections are more severe and frequent in diabetic patients.

Foot Infections

Diabetic foot infections can be dangerous; they often begin with minor wounds, such as cuts or blisters, that fail to heal. In severe cases, infections may necessitate amputation if left untreated.

When Infections Signal Diabetes?

Recurrent infections can be a very early symptom of diabetes. Factual symptoms include:

- Recurrent fever over 101°F

- Persistent sore throat or cough

- Pain and swelling or redness around wounds

- Foul-smelling urine or frequent urination

- Skin rashes or slow-healing sores

- Nausea, diarrhea, or unexplained fatigue

Also Read: 3 Lesser Known Risks Related To Diabetes In Men

Diagnosing and Treating Infections in Diabetic Patients

Prompt medical attention is crucial when infections arise in diabetic individuals. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, urine analyses, and wound cultures to identify the infection source. Treatment often includes:

• Antibiotics for bacterial infections.
• Antifungal drugs for yeast infections.
• Supportive care, such as wound care for foot infections.

Mild infections may clear up in days, but severe infections can take weeks and require intensive treatment.

Preventing Infections by Managing Diabetes

The best way to prevent infections is by managing diabetes. Here are some tips:

• Follow your healthcare provider's recommendations on diet, exercise, and medications.
• Wash your hands regularly, take care of your skin, and keep wounds clean and dry.
• Exercise enhances blood circulation and strengthens the immune system.
• Regularly check your feet, skin, and other exposed areas for signs of infection.
• Get vaccinated against influenza and pneumonia to reduce the risk of respiratory infections.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience frequent infections, unexplained wounds that do not heal, persistent fatigue, or other symptoms such as blurry vision and excessive thirst, you should see a healthcare provider. Early intervention can help manage blood sugar levels and prevent complications. Do not wait for the symptoms to worsen; seek medical advice promptly.

Understanding the link between diabetes and frequent infections is vital for early diagnosis and intervention. Left untreated, recurrent infections can lead to severe complications, including hospitalizations and even amputations in extreme cases.

Frequent infections should never be dismissed as trivial or unrelated symptoms. They might just be your body's way of signaling an underlying issue like diabetes. Taking proactive steps toward diagnosis and management not only improves quality of life but also reduces long-term complications. So, if you or a loved one experiences recurrent infections, it's time to see a healthcare provider and take charge of your health.

Urinary tract infections in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: review of prevalence, diagnosis, and management. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2015

Diabetes and Skin Complications. American Diabetes Association.

Type 2 Diabetes and its Impact on the Immune System. Bentham Science. 2020

Infections in patients with diabetes mellitus: A review of pathogenesis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012

As extreme temperatures rise globally, a silent danger is building—and it could be accelerating how rapidly we get older. Beyond the evident destruction of heat exhaustion, dehydration, and stress brought on by the climate, science is beginning to discover deeper, less evident harm: heat waves could be speeding up cellular aging.

With historic highs in global temperatures and rising frequency of heatwaves, particularly in the U.S. and Asia, scientists are calling for consideration at the nexus of environmental heat and epigenetic ageing.

What is Epigenetic Age?

Chronological age is the age on your driver's license, but epigenetic age is the age written far down in your cells. This scientific term tracks how old your body is biologically, based on chemical alterations in your DNA. These alterations, referred to as DNA methylation, function like switches that flip genes on and off. As we get older, these patterns change—and scientists use them to approximate biological age with instruments referred to as "epigenetic clocks."

Your epigenetic age doesn’t always match your chronological one. Influences like pollution, stress, poor lifestyle habits, and now—heat exposure—can accelerate epigenetic aging. This internal ticking clock impacts everything from how quickly your skin ages to your ability to fight disease, recover from illness, or manage inflammation.

Is Your DNA A New Risk Factor?

In 2023, a new German study published in Environment International found a strong association between heat exposure and epigenetic age acceleration. Scientists discovered that in areas where average annual temperatures were only 1°C higher, individuals exhibited evidence of accelerated biological aging.

Wenli Ni, a Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health postdoctoral research fellow and first author of the study, explained that heat stress affects DNA methylation patterns. These alterations can compromise gene function, accelerate aging, and cause a cascade of biological damage—particularly if the exposure is chronic.

Additionally, Taiwan studies that had more than 2,000 participants upheld the association. The increase in biological age was attributed to a rise of 1°C from the average of 180 days by 0.04 to 0.08 years. At first, it might appear negligible in the short term, but when consistent throughout years and population, it aids in premature occurrence of diseases that are related to age and makes healthcare burdens worse on a worldwide scale.

Why The Heat in 2024 Was a Tipping Point?

2024 was the hottest year ever, with almost 6.8 billion individuals facing record-breaking heat for a minimum of a month. Health professionals in areas such as India observed an influx of patients who looked physically older than their age, which sent alarm signals regarding the influence of climate on the health and lifespan of human beings.

One such U.S.-based study, published in Science Advances, looked at more than 3,500 adults older than age 56 and discovered a robust association between prolonged heat exposure (1–6 years) and cellular aging. Chronic heat not only disturbed sleep and increased levels of stress, but also played a role in biological deterioration that grew more severe with time.

The German study also emphasized that women, and especially those with Type 2 diabetes or obesity, showed stronger links between heat and increased aging. Women produce less sweat and their bodies generally take longer to trigger cooling, placing them at a physiological disadvantage during heatwaves.

Diabetics and the obese also have difficulty with heat dissipation because of decreased blood flow and insulating body fat, which complicates the release of heat from the core to the skin. These conditions further enhance the biological effect of heat, raising the risk of cardiovascular issues, kidney injury, and premature chronic diseases.

Epigenetic Impact Before Birth

Unsettlingly, even the effect of heat and climatic stress may start pre-natally. A recent research study, conducted on Kenya-based drought-stricken mothers who published their paper in Nature, suggested that intra-uterine exposure to harsh external environmental conditions contributed to hastened aging of their children.

Stress during pregnancy, water deprivation, caloric deficit, and psychogenic stress induced epigenetic changes in fetuses under development—showing that ageing might be modifiable by external surroundings even before one's life is started. All this indicates towards a dire requirement of addressing determinants of well-being, including access to nutrition, water, and gender balance, especially among climate-risk districts.

Ways to Protect Against Heat-Related Ageing

While reversing climate change will take systemic global action, individuals can take key steps to protect themselves from heat-induced aging:

1. Stay Hydrated

Dehydration is one of the most immediate risks of extreme heat. Drink water frequently—don’t wait until you’re thirsty. Carry water when heading outdoors and avoid alcohol and caffeine in hot weather.

2. Keep Cool

Use air conditioning when possible. If it’s not available, electric fans can offer relief when the indoor temperature is below 104°F (40°C). Keep your skin damp with a wet towel, mist bottle, or sponge baths. Visit air-conditioned public spaces like malls or libraries.

3. Dress Smart

Wear light-colored, breathable clothing. Avoid tight fabrics. Use wide-brimmed hats and sunscreen to protect your skin from direct sun exposure.

4. Plan Smartly

Avoid hard work between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m., the usual peak heat period. Schedule chores in the morning or evening when it's cooler.

5. Check In With At-Risk People

The most susceptible are older people, young children, pregnant women, and those with serious illness. Make sure they avoid heat and drink plenty of water when a heatwave hits.

The connection between climate and aging is no longer conjecture—it's quantifiable and based on several worldwide studies. As heat waves and frigid days become the norm, public health infrastructure needs to change by not only addressing heat as a weather phenomenon, but as a constant health threat.

Long-term solutions will require more than individual behavior. Governments and health institutions will have to prioritize heat preparedness plans, enhance urban infrastructure, and establish cooling centers. Policies specifically targeting enhancement of food security, safeguarding pregnant women, and mitigating occupational exposure to heat—particularly among women in labor-intensive occupations will be crucial.

In conclusion, if we don't take action to stem the increasing menace of heat extremes, we are likely to wind the clock forward—not only on climate, but on the human life expectancy as well. To age more quickly as a result of exposure to the environment is a brewing public health emergency and the world needs to wake up to it.

Measles, a virus that was once officially eradicated in the United States in 2000, is making a shocking comeback — this time with more sinister layers than ever before. More than 1,000 measles cases have been confirmed across the United States in 2025, a saddening milestone of the nation's struggle with a disease it was officially announced as eliminated as far back as the year 2000. State and regional health agencies along with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report at least 1,002 cases so far this year—an astonishing number putting 2025 on pace to equal 2019, which was the century's worst measles year to date.

In a hard to watch medical video released by neurologists in India of a once-healthy 4-year-old boy lies on a hospital bed, eyes darting wildly, limbs convulsing, and lips foaming as his tiny body fights a losing battle against a preventable disease. The footage—published in JAMA Neurology offers more than a glimpse into one family’s nightmare. It is a sobering wake-up call for the world: measles is not just a childhood illness with a fever and rash. Left unchecked, it can be a silent predator that devastates the brain and kills with merciless precision.

The child in the video suffers from Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE), a rare but invariably fatal neurological complication that follows a measles infection. His case serves as a dire warning about the consequences of skipping the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine—a message particularly urgent amid falling vaccination rates and surging outbreaks globally.

WATCH VIDEO HERE

What is SSPE?

SSPE is a progressive, degenerative brain disorder caused by a persistent infection with a mutated measles virus. What makes SSPE especially cruel is its latency. The virus often lurks undetected in the brain for years after a seemingly mild infection before it begins destroying neurons, causing inflammation, and forming lethal lesions.

In this child’s case, his decline started with subtle symptoms—jerky limb movements, unsteadiness, and cognitive changes over six months. His parents, unaware of a previous measles infection and unable to recall any characteristic rash or fever, never had him vaccinated. It was only after his condition worsened—marked by erratic, swirling eye movements known as opsoclonus—that neurologists diagnosed SSPE.

Despite aggressive treatment with antivirals and anticonvulsants, his fate is tragically sealed. SSPE is almost always fatal, and no curative therapy exists.

What is Measles and Why Is It A Dangerous Condition?

Measles is often underestimated, dismissed by many as a benign childhood disease. But data tells a far more troubling story. A typical measles infection causes high fever, cough, runny nose, and a characteristic red rash. However, about 20% of infected children in the U.S. will be hospitalized, with complications ranging from pneumonia to diarrhea and severe ear infections that can cause permanent hearing loss.

One in 1,000 will develop encephalitis (brain inflammation), and up to three in 1,000 will die due to respiratory or neurological complications. Long after the acute phase ends, measles continues to sabotage the immune system through "immune amnesia"—a condition where the body forgets how to defend against other pathogens, leaving children vulnerable to secondary infections for up to three years.

And then there's SSPE. Though rare—with 11 cases per 100,000 measles infections on average—the risk significantly increases in children infected before age five. For them, the rate is 18 per 100,000, with symptoms surfacing seven to ten years post-infection.

The boy’s case stood out for an unusual symptom: opsoclonus—rapid, multidirectional eye movements typically associated with paraneoplastic brain syndromes or severe brain inflammation. This is believed to be the first case of SSPE captured on video with this specific presentation. Medical experts believe these movements may result from the destruction of specialized neurons like Purkinje and omnipause cells, which are critical for coordinated eye and body movement.

The presence of opsoclonus in SSPE not only expands clinical understanding of the condition but also underlines its neurological complexity—and the helplessness of medical interventions once the disease takes hold.

Is this Measles Outbreak Exacerbated by Misinformation and Complacency?

Globally, measles cases are climbing again. After decades of progress, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine immunizations, and anti-vaccine rhetoric has flourished in its wake. In the United States, measles outbreaks are at their highest in over 25 years, and several communities have immunization rates far below the 95% threshold needed for herd immunity.

The situation is compounded by influential figures like Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who continue to promote vaccine skepticism, undermining public health messaging and placing children at direct risk.

Public health experts warn that if these trends continue, measles could once again become endemic in the United States—a devastating reversal of years of progress.

Why Measles Vaccination is the Only Defence?

The MMR vaccine is one of the most rigorously tested and safest vaccines available. Two doses provide 97% protection against measles. Side effects are typically mild—such as fever or a sore arm—and serious adverse effects are extremely rare.

Before the vaccine’s introduction in 1963, measles caused hundreds of deaths annually in the U.S. Now, thanks to widespread immunization, those numbers have dropped dramatically. However, as vaccination rates fall, we risk reliving the past—one preventable death at a time.

What To Do if You're Exposed to Measles?

If you suspect you've been exposed to measles, especially if you or your child are unvaccinated:

• Isolate immediately and wear a mask to reduce the risk of transmission.
• Contact your healthcare provider to assess the need for post-exposure prophylaxis—either a dose of the MMR vaccine or immune globulin.
• Do not visit healthcare facilities without calling ahead to avoid exposing others.
• If you're fully vaccinated, remain vigilant for symptoms for at least 21 days post-exposure, and notify your doctor at the first sign of illness.

Vaccination isn't just a personal choice; it's a societal responsibility. The consequences of inaction are too devastating to ignore—not just for one family, but for entire communities. The heartbreaking video of the 4-year-old boy is more than a clinical case study—it’s a call to action.

Showering is not just for hygiene for many people; it is about self-care, downtime, and relaxing. From a health perspective, showers can have benefits and some downsides, like the cleanliness of the washroom, the products you are using, etc. Sometimes, a neglected shower soap or an expired shampoo bottle could be the reason you fall sick.

Another thing you must be careful about is the porcelain floors and slippery tiles as they can be a health hazard. In a recent post, a doctor pointed out another thing that could be a surprising factor of health concern in the showers: urinating.

Doctors have issued a warning for people who may be in the habit of urinating while standing in the shower. While it may seem like a harmless activity, may be a bit uncomfortable to talk about, it can have health consequences you may not have considered.

How Does Urinating In The Showers Put Your Health At Risk?

American urogynaecologist Dr. Teresa Irwin, a board certified in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS), took to the social media platform TikTok to advise people against this practice, which polls suggest is quite common, with 60-80% of the public reportedly admitting to it. In her video, Dr Irwin explained that peeing while showering can train the brain to associate the sound of running water with the urge to urinate.

Running Water Can Trigger Unwanted Urge

Speaking to her followers, Dr Irwin drew comparisons between this habit with the Pavlov's dog experiment, where the sound of a bell triggered salivation. She explained that over time, every time you hear running water – whether washing hands, showering, or doing dishes – your bladder might start to feel the urge to empty, even if it's not truly full.

Dr Irwin cautioned that this learned association could disrupt the body's natural internal control over the bladder in the long run. This disruption might lead to more frequent and unnecessary trips to the toilet as the bladder becomes overly sensitive to the sound of running water.

Dr Irwin also pointed out potential health hazards specifically for women who urinate while standing in the shower. She mentioned an increased risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and, in more severe scenarios, even kidney failure.

Why Shouldn’t Women Urinating Standing Up?

Unlike men, whose bladder is supported by the prostate when urinating while standing, women lack this anatomical support. Dr Irwin explained that women who try to urinate while standing put extra strain on their pelvic floor muscles, which can hinder the bladder from emptying completely.

Dr Alicia Jeffrey-Thomas, a Pelvic Floor Physical Therapist who shares informative videos on social media explains that there can be more consequences for women urinating upright. She explains a pelvic floor therapist based in Boston, has previously supported the idea that women's bodies are "not designed to pee standing up." She explained that the pelvic floor muscles won't relax correctly in that position, making it difficult to fully empty the bladder.

While the primary concerns are related to bladder control and potential UTIs, there's also a minor risk of skin infection. If there are open wounds on the lower body, bacteria present in the urine could potentially cause an infection. However, experts suggest this risk is relatively low as the shower water should wash the urine away.