6 Early Signs of Pregnancy You May Notice Before Week 6

For many people, the first sign of pregnancy is a missed period. This is particularly noticeable for those with regular menstrual cycles, who can often suspect pregnancy as soon as their period is late. However, for individuals with irregular cycles, identifying pregnancy early can be more challenging. Some may go weeks without realizing they’re pregnant, especially if they have lighter or skipped periods due to hormonal birth control. Understanding the early signs of pregnancy can be crucial, especially for those living in states where abortion access is restricted after 6 weeks of pregnancy.

Why It Matters

For people with irregular periods, it may take longer to recognize the signs of pregnancy. Since conception typically occurs around ovulation, about two weeks before a missed period, many assume they’re only a few weeks pregnant when they take a test. However, healthcare providers calculate pregnancy from the first day of your last period, meaning you are considered 4 weeks pregnant by the time you miss your period.

This can create a narrow window of time to make important decisions, especially in states where abortion is banned or severely restricted after 6 weeks. Understanding the early signs of pregnancy is essential for those who may need to access abortion care or make other reproductive health decisions.

1. Nausea, With or Without Vomiting

Morning sickness, which can occur at any time of day, is one of the most common early signs of pregnancy. Although vomiting isn’t always involved, many experience nausea, which can begin as early as 11–20 days after ovulation. While nausea is common during pregnancy, it is important to note that not everyone experiences it, so its absence doesn’t rule out pregnancy.

2. Tender or Swollen Breasts

Changes in the breasts often signal early pregnancy. People may experience swelling, tenderness, and sensitivity in the chest. A distinguishing feature from premenstrual symptoms (PMS) is the appearance of blue veins on the breasts, along with potential darkening of the areola. If you notice any of these symptoms, a pregnancy test may help confirm if you’re pregnant.

3. Increased Urination

Frequent urination is another early sign that can begin around week 4 of pregnancy, just as your period would typically arrive. Increased bathroom trips can occur as the body adjusts to hormonal changes. Additionally, bloating and constipation can also be early signs, as your body begins to process the pregnancy.

4. Changes in Smell and Taste

Hormonal fluctuations can heighten your senses, making you more sensitive to odors. Smells that were once pleasant, such as coffee or cleaning products, might become unpleasant. Additionally, a metallic or sour taste in your mouth, food aversions, and even excessive salivation can occur, all of which are signs that pregnancy might be underway.

5. Fatigue and Sleepiness

Extreme fatigue and a constant need to sleep are common in the early stages of pregnancy. This tiredness typically sets in around week 4, though it can occur earlier. While fatigue is also a premenstrual symptom, the fatigue that persists without the arrival of your period may be a stronger indication that pregnancy is the cause.

6. Implantation Bleeding

Some people may notice light bleeding or spotting around the time their period would be due. This is known as implantation bleeding and occurs when the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining, usually between 10 and 14 days after conception. Unlike a regular period, implantation bleeding is lighter, often brown or pink, and typically lasts only a couple of days. If you experience light bleeding, taking a pregnancy test may help confirm whether you are pregnant.

Taking a Pregnancy Test

If you suspect you’re pregnant, taking a pregnancy test is the most reliable way to confirm. Experts recommend taking the test on the first day of your missed period or 19 days after unprotected sex, especially if your periods are irregular. Testing first thing in the morning, when your urine is most concentrated, will yield the most accurate results.

What to Do Next

Once you’ve confirmed your pregnancy, it’s important to consider your next steps. If you wish to continue the pregnancy, schedule a prenatal appointment with a healthcare provider. For those who do not wish to continue the pregnancy, reaching out to a healthcare provider as soon as possible is critical. In states with abortion restrictions, the timeline for obtaining an abortion may be limited, so knowing your options early is crucial.

In general, medical abortions are available up to 12 weeks, and in some states, telehealth services can provide access. After 12 weeks, surgical abortions are typically necessary. If abortion is no longer an option in your state, other resources may still be available to support your choice.

Navigating Uncertainty

An unplanned pregnancy can bring about a complex mix of emotions. Fear, stress, and anxiety are common, especially when considering the possibility of restrictions on abortion care. You don’t have to face these emotions alone—confidential support services are available, such as the All-Options Talkline or the Crisis Text Line, which offer free, nonjudgmental assistance for anyone facing an unplanned pregnancy or emotional distress.