Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, and go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is the second most common cause of death globally, accounting for millions of deaths every year. Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach and liver cancer are the most common types of cancer in men, while breast, colorectal, lung, cervical and thyroid cancer are the most common among women. However, these are not necessarily the deadliest forms of cancer.

What makes cancer the deadliest depends upon how many people have it and what percentage of those people actually survive. Cancer researchers determine this on the basis of five-year relative survival. This is the percentage of people who are expected to survive the effects of a given cancer, excluding their risk of other possible causes of death, for five years past a diagnosis. It is also important to note that what makes cancer really deadly is that practically no cure for it. A cure for cancer would imply that there are no cancerous cells remaining in the body.

Here are the 5 deadliest cancers in the U.S., according to SEER five-year relative survival data for cases diagnosed between 2014 and 2020.

1. Pancreatic cancer occurs when cells in your pancreas, a gland in your abdomen that aids digestion, mutate and multiply out of control, forming a tumour. Major risk factors include smoking, obesity, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, certain genetic mutations and environmental chemical exposure.

2. Esophageal cancer develops in the oesophagus, which is the tube that connects your throat to your stomach.

3. Liver cancer and intrahepatic bile duct cancer originate in the liver or bile ducts, often linked to hepatitis infections, heavy alcohol use, obesity, and aflatoxin exposure.

4. Lung and bronchus cancer primarily caused by smoking, secondhand smoke, and environmental pollutants, affects the lungs and airways, making it the leading cause of cancer death in the US.

5. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive blood and bone marrow cancer that progresses rapidly, often linked to genetic mutations, radiation exposure, and certain chemicals.

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Amid the ongoing Ebola outbreak in Africa, Rajasthan has reported its first suspected case of the Ebola virus.

According to the Ministry of Health, there are currently no confirmed Ebola cases in India.

A woman who arrived in the state from Uganda has shown symptoms consistent with Ebola infection, according to media reports.

Woman Isolated After Airport Screening

The woman reportedly arrived in Jaipur from Sharjah on an Air Arabia flight and landed at Jaipur airport around 4:30 a.m.

During routine health screening at the airport, she exhibited symptoms associated with Ebola infection. The health department was immediately informed, and she was placed under special observation.

She has since been admitted to Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) Hospital in Jaipur and kept in isolation as a precautionary measure.

Following the suspected case, the state Health Department has been placed on alert and is closely monitoring the situation.

Samples Sent to NIV Pune for Testing

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RUHS Hospital Superintendent Dr. Anil Gupta told the media that Ebola infection has not yet been confirmed in the woman. Her samples have been sent to the National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune for testing.

While she has displayed symptoms similar to Ebola infection, confirmation can only be made after laboratory testing. The results are expected by this evening or tomorrow morning.

Meanwhile, doctors have begun treatment and monitoring under a special protocol.

Health Ministry Issues Advisory

"No Ebola disease cases have been reported in India," the Health Ministry said in its latest update on June 3. However, the ministry has advised travelers arriving from Ebola-affected countries, including Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, to remain alert for symptoms and seek medical guidance if they feel unwell.

"For information, guidance and assistance, call MoHFW's 24x7 Health Helpline: 1075," the ministry said on X.

The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) and the Ministry of Civil Aviation have implemented strict screening and monitoring measures at airports across India.

The government has also issued guidelines for passengers arriving from Ebola-affected countries. As part of precautionary measures, travelers entering India from such nations are required to undergo a 21-day quarantine period.

In late May, several suspected Ebola cases were reported from Gujarat, Bengaluru and Madhya Pradesh. All later tested negative for the virus. All the suspected infections involved individuals with travel links to Ebola-affected countries.

Ebola has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO). In a major relief amid the ongoing outbreak, the WHO said dropped the number of suspected cases to 116 after hundreds were ruled out following investigation.

Earlier, the number of suspected cases had neared 1,000 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

The global health agency said that there had been 48 deaths and six recoveries in Congo, Reuters reported. In Uganda, there have been 15 confirmed cases and one associated death.

Expert Questions Travel Policy

Mumbai-based infectious disease expert Dr. Ishwar Gilada questioned why India continues to allow travelers from countries experiencing Ebola outbreaks.

"Our policy should be so strict that we do not allow anybody coming from those kinds of countries where there is already an outbreak of Ebola, because Ebola has neither a treatment nor a cure nor a preventive vaccine," Dr. Gilada told HealthandMe.

What Is Ebola? How Does The Disease Spread?

Ebola disease is a severe viral hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate. Ebola spreads through:

• Direct contact with infected blood or bodily fluids
• Contact with contaminated surfaces or medical equipment
• Unsafe caregiving exposure
• Traditional burial practices involving direct contact
• Certain zoonotic animal exposures.

Symptoms to watch for include:

• fever,
• weakness,
• headache,
• muscle pain,
• vomiting,
• diarrhea,
• sore throat,
• unexplained bleeding.

Former Scotland striker Alan Brazil revealed that he has had a liver transplant and that his heart stopped during the surgery.

"My heart stopped for a bit," said Brazil, who described himself as "incredibly lucky" to have survived a life-saving liver transplant surgery.

He announced his surgery last month, after disappearing from the airwaves while covering the Cheltenham Festival in March.

During the video announcement, he also revealed a transformation in appearance, having lost weight during the process of the transplant, The Telegraph reported.

“I’d been having ongoing trials, so many specialists, and I decided I needed a transplant. I didn’t want to do it, but my kids and Jill [his wife] said, ‘You’ve got to do it, you have to do it, you are doing it," said the 66-year-old, in his first appearance on the radio station since leaving.

"I finished [work] at quarter to 10, and at 10 I had to phone Addenbrooke's Hospital. They said, 'Get in right now'".

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"At two thirty that afternoon, I was on the slab, and they opened me up. I was under for something like eight hours.

"They transplanted my liver. My heart did stop for a bit, and it came back on its own. I'll be frank, I'm very, very lucky to be here," said Brazil, who has presented Talksport’s breakfast show since 2000.

He further said: “I’m taking loads of meds ...I’ve just got to be a good boy, rest up, and go and see these people. Hopefully, I’ll get back to 100 per cent. I never realized how bad I was. I feel totally different now. I’m incredibly lucky.”

What Is A Liver Transplant?

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As per the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, a liver transplant is a surgical procedure to replace a diseased liver with a healthy one from a donor. It’s often the last resort when liver failure occurs—whether due to chronic illness or sudden injury.

When Is It Needed?

People may need a liver transplant for:

• Alcoholic liver disease
• Fatty liver disease (NASH)
• Cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C
• Liver cancer with cirrhosis
• Acute liver failure (often due to drug overdose, hepatitis, or toxins)

In children, biliary atresia is the most common reason.

Types of Liver Transplants

Deceased Donor Transplant:

The most common type is where a full or partial liver is taken from someone who has recently died.

Living Donor Transplant:

A healthy person donates a portion of their liver—typically to a close relative. Both the donor’s and recipient’s liver regenerates to normal size in a few weeks.

What Must Be Kept In The Mind?

• Matching and Compatibility: Blood type, liver size, and health are crucial.
• Approval Process: Especially important for non-blood relatives.
• Recovery and Monitoring: Post-op care involves lifelong medication, lifestyle changes, and regular check-ups.

Tick bites are becoming a huge health care issue, as they can cause diseases like Lyme. Due to the recent surge in tick bites throughout the United States, it has become more important to know everything about the situation and the disease.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has already issued a warning about a surge in tick bite cases and possible Lyme disease in the Northeastern states, where tick-related emergency room visits have risen. The Midwest is the second most affected region.

Harvard Health states that about 90% of cases have been reported in 14 states: Connecticut, Maine, Virginia, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin, and West Virginia.

CDC reports ER visits related to tick bites hit their highest levels for spring since 2017. The United States has been fighting with tick-related issues for decades. The nation sees an estimated 476,000 people treated for Lyme disease each year.

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What Is Lyme Disease?

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. This infectious disease is spread by infected ticks. The most common cause of these diseases in humans is bites from blacklegged ticks, though other variants can also be carriers. The Harvard Health says that most patients do not remember being bitten by a tick.

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Unique Symptoms Of Lyme Disease

Heart Problems

Lyme can impact the cardiac, neurologic, and rheumatologic systems. The CDC says that 1 out of 100 patients has Lyme bacteria in their heart tissues. The condition is also called Lyme carditis.

Brain Fog

Advanced brain imaging shows that Lyme disease brain fog is real. It can lead to various effects, including difficulty focusing, thinking, reading, and absorbing information.

Bell's Palsy

There are 12 essential nerves, also known as the cranial nerves, that originate in the brain and play a crucial role in sensory functions and movements in the different parts of the head, face, neck, and torso. Lyme disease can also affect those nerves, leading to Bell's Palsy.

Eye Problems

Lyme can cause sudden vision loss, damage to the optic nerve, and neurotrophic keratitis. Other symptoms include blurry vision, eye floaters, tearing, and extreme sensitivity to light.

Hearing Problems

The most common Lyme-related hearing issues are tinnitus, vertigo and dizziness, headache, and unilateral sensorineural hearing or hearing loss in one ear.

Arthritis

The disease can cause swollen knees, a low-grade fever, or a limp. It usually starts in the fourth week after being bitten.

Fatigue

This is not just any fatigue, but a weakness that is debilitating. People with a history of Lyme were 8 to 15 times more likely to report severe or moderate fatigue than those who have never had the disease.