Low-dose CT chest scans could help detect pneumonia in at-risk patients while exposing them to only small amounts of radiation, a new study has found. The research, published in Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging, shows that ultra-low-dose scans can effectively detect pneumonia in patients with compromised immune systems, enabling doctors to treat the infection before it becomes life-threatening. According to the researchers, these scans expose patients to just 2% of the radiation dose used in a standard CT scan.

"This study paves the way for safer, AI-driven imaging that reduces radiation exposure while preserving diagnostic accuracy,” lead researcher Dr Maximiliano Klug, a radiologist with the Sheba Medical Center in Ramat Gan, Israel, said in a news release. He added that CT scans are the gold standard for detecting pneumonia but there are concerns regarding the risk posed by repeated exposure to radiation. There is a solution- ultra-low-dose CT scan. However, the problem is that these scans can be grainy and hard to read, researchers said.

Study Gives Solution To This

To overcome that, Klug's team developed an AI program that could help "de-noise" low-dose scans, making them sharper and easier to read. Between September 2020 and December 2022, 54 patients with compromised immune systems who had fevers underwent a pair of chest CT scans -- a normal dose scan and an ultra-low-dose scan. The AI program cleaned up the low-dose scan, and then both sets of images were given to a pair of radiologists for assessment. Radiologists had 100% accuracy in detecting pneumonia and other lung problems with the AI-cleaned low-dose scans, but 91% to 98% accuracy in examining the scans that hadn’t been improved through AI, results show.

"This pilot study identified infection with a fraction of the radiation dose," Klug said. "This approach could drive larger studies and ultimately reshape clinical guidelines, making denoised ultra-low dose CT the new standard for young immunocompromised patients.

How Can You Detect Pneumonia?

Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes the air sacs in the lungs to fill with fluid or pus and can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The symptoms can range from milk to severe, which includes:

Coughing with or without cough

Fever

Chills

Trouble breathing

Chest pain, especially when breathing deeply or coughing

Sweating or chills

Rapid heart rate

Loss of appetite

Bluish skin, lips, and nails

Confusion.

How to detect Pneumonia in coughing newborns and toddlers?

Pneumonia can severely affect newborns and young children as their lungs are comparatively more sensitive. As per Dr Goyal, young children can cough for various reasons including seasonal infections and tonsillitis, which is very common in this age group. But if they look visibly irritable and have poor sleep patterns, then parents must reach out to an expert. "I am not saying that parents must visit a hospital but any local paediatrician would be able to detect pneumonia in your kid.

One of the world's largest public health campaigns against polio has been launched for Pakistan, where around 400,000 World Health Organization or WHO-trained frontline workers have been mobilized to vaccinate 45 million children. This is the country's first nationwide polio campaign of 2026. This is in collaboration with Polio Eradication Initiative, these frontline workers are going door to door across cities and remote settlements, carrying oral drops that is the only protection against a virus which has no cure. Polio. It can even cause life long paralysis.

With over three decades of effort, polio cases in Pakistan reduced by 99.8 per cent, from roughly 20,000 cases in the early 1990s to 31 causes in 2025. The country along with Afghanistan, remains among the last places where wild poliovirus still circulates. This makes this campaign even more critical to global eradication of polio.

Read: Pakistan And Afghanistan Are The Only Countries Where Polio Remains An Endemic, Says WHO

Frontline Workers Reach The Remotest Of Settlements

“We climb mountains and walk through the snow for hours with great difficulty. There is also a risk of snow falling on us from the mountains. Yet we do not give up. We reach our assigned area to vaccinate all children and protect them from polio,” said Rabia, a vaccinator from Upper Chitral, quoted by the Polio Eradication Initiative.

During the February drive, Rabia trekked steep terrain to visit 146 households and vaccinate 85 children in remote areas.

In nearby Booni, another worker, Momina, described the work as both service and responsibility. “I thank Allah that I have gotten this opportunity to serve and I am trying my best to eradicate polio in my country,” she said, according to the initiative.

Zeenat, deployed in Khayaban-e-Sir Syed, spent long days navigating crowded neighbourhoods and climbing multiple floors to reach children inside apartment buildings. She covered 242 homes, administering oral vaccine drops to every eligible child.

“I am a mother too and I have also gotten my own children vaccinated for polio. Thank God, they are healthy and protected now,” she said in remarks shared by the Polio Eradication Initiative. “This disease has no cure. I want all parents in the country to vaccinate their children with polio drops so they don’t fall prey to paralysis.”

Health workers also marked children’s fingers after vaccination, a standard monitoring method to ensure no child is missed.

Two Drops, One Goal: Ending Polio

“The vaccine is very important for children in Pakistan because polio can infect children and paralyze them. This is why we go house-to-house to vaccinate them so that no child is paralyzed,” said Rawalpindi worker Neelum, as reported by the outlet.

Health authorities say the campaign reflects a simple but urgent public-health truth: eradication depends not just on vaccines, but on reaching every last child.

What Is Polio?

It is an illness caused by a virus that affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. It can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, which can also lead to paralysis. Furthermore, it can also cause trouble breathing, and lead to death.

The polio virus is a naturally occurring virus that has been around since prehistoric times, as per the WHO. This disease can be found in humans and is spread through the faecal-oral route, which means it is transmitted when someone ingests food or water contaminated by human faeces.

Poliovirus is a small, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Enterovirus subgroup of the Picornaviridae family and was first recognized as a distinct condition by English physician Michael Underwood in 1789. The virus was identified in 1909 by Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner.

About 5% of people with poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. It has flu-like symptoms and can last for 2 to 3 days. The symptoms include:

Fever

Headache

Muscle Aches

Sore Throat

Stomachache

Loss of appetite

Nausea

Vomiting

A more severe form is the nonparalytic polio, affecting 1% of those infected which may have the symptoms such as:

Neck pain or stiffness

Aches or stiffness in arms or legs

Severe headache

The most serious form is paralytic polio, while the symptoms start with those of nonparalytic polio and can progress to more severe signs including:

Intense pain

Extreme sensitivity to touch

Tingling or pricking sensations

Muscles spasms or twitching

Muscle weakness progressing to a limp paralysis

Measles Outbreak In UK: After 34 children were infected by a "fast spreading" measles outbreak in several north London schools, in Enfield, focus has been shifted on vaccination drive. A local doctor who was reported by the BBC informed that all children who contracted the illness were not fully immunized. This has brought back the attention on vaccination. Children across England are increasingly at risk of measles as immunization coverage drops, prompting MPs and health experts to demand urgent reform of how vaccines are delivered.

Read: North London Measles Outbreak: 34 Cases Confirmed In Unvaccinated Children From Enfield

Measles Outbreak In UK: Falling Uptake Sparks Calls Of Vaccination System Overhaul

According to The Guardian, concerns intensified after vaccination rates in some areas fell to levels comparable with lower-income countries. Public health specialists now believe further outbreaks similar to the recent north London cluster are inevitable because fewer than 60% of five-year-olds in some locations have received both recommended doses of the MMR vaccine.

In Enfield, where 60 children recently contracted measles and 15 required hospitalization, the MMR uptake stands at 64.3%. The World Health Organization recommends 95% coverage to prevent outbreaks.

Measles Outbreak In UK: "System Is Clearly Falling"

Labor MP Ben Coleman warned the current approach relying mainly on GP surgeries and schools is not sufficient.

“The long-term decline in uptake of MMR and growing number of very worrying measles outbreaks, like the one in Enfield just now, show that that system is clearly failing,” he told The Guardian.

“Children are at risk of hospitalization and even of dying from measles… Pharmacies are somewhere families often visit and they’re being wasted as a resource. We can’t afford complacency.”

Experts are urging authorities to allow pharmacies to administer routine childhood vaccinations to improve access. Currently, GP staff typically deliver the first and second doses at 12 and 18 months, while schools host catch-up drives.

Measles Outbreak In UK: Doctors Back Pharmacies Administering Vaccines

Pediatric specialists believe widening access could help families who miss appointments.

“With appropriate training and support, enabling pharmacists to deliver MMR vaccines could be particularly helpful for families who have missed routine appointments,” Prof Steve Turner, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, told The Guardian.

The National Pharmacy Association also supported reform, stating that the decade-long decline shows “the current system is simply not working.”

Vaccination expert Prof Helen Bedford added that some schools, including certain faith schools, do not participate in catch-up programmes, making alternative access points essential.

Measles Outbreaks Are Likely To Recur

Scientists warn measles spreads rapidly in communities with low coverage.

Prof Andrew Pollard of the Oxford Vaccine Group said there was “a real risk of further spread both locally and in other parts of London,” telling The Guardian outbreaks may repeatedly return as unvaccinated children accumulate.

A government spokesperson urged families to vaccinate children promptly and noted a new campaign encouraging parents to ensure routine immunisations are up to date. Officials say childhood vaccines prevent roughly 5,000 deaths and 228,000 hospitalizations each year in England.

Kerala on Sunday bid an emotional farewell to 10 month old Aalin Sherin Abraham, the state’s youngest organ donor, days after her organs helped save five critically ill patients. The infant was laid to rest with full state honors at a church in Pathanamthitta district.

Police personnel offered a ceremonial guard of honor as hundreds gathered for the funeral. Kerala Health Minister Veena George and Union Minister Suresh Gopi attended the service along with grieving relatives and residents.

Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan described the parents’ decision as a rare act of compassion during unimaginable grief. In a public tribute, he said the child had given a new lease of life to five people and reflected the true spirit of humanity.

Actor Kamal Haasan also wrote to the family, saying the child would now continue to live on through the lives she saved.

Accident Led To Tragedy

Aalin Sherin Abraham, daughter of Arun Abraham and Sherin Ann John, suffered critical injuries in a road accident on February 5. She was travelling with her mother and grandparents when an oncoming vehicle rammed into their car near a junction.

While her family members were seriously injured, the infant’s condition remained extremely critical. She was first treated at nearby hospitals and later shifted to a specialized facility in Kochi.

After days of intensive treatment, doctors declared her brain dead on February 12. In the middle of their grief, the parents consented to donate her organs.

The state government later announced a ceremonial funeral in recognition of the decision, which drew widespread praise from medical professionals and the public.

Green Corridor Enabled Rapid Transport

Following the consent, authorities launched an urgent effort to transport the organs to multiple hospitals. Since helicopter transfer was not permitted at night, the police created a green corridor from Kochi to Thiruvananthapuram.

Traffic restrictions and manual signaling allowed the ambulance to travel nearly 230 kilometers in 3 hours and 20 minutes.

Doctors said the rapid transport was crucial to preserve viability. The liver was transplanted into a six month old infant at a private hospital. The kidneys were given to a 10 year old child at the Government Medical College. The heart valve was transferred to a hospital inside the Thiruvananthapuram Medical College campus. The corneas were donated to an eye bank at a private hospital.

Tributes Pour In Across State

The incident triggered an outpouring of grief and admiration across Kerala.

Governor Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar said he was deeply moved by the parents’ decision and called it a gift of life and hope to others.

In his message, Kamal Haasan wrote that the child lived in her mother for months and in her parents’ love for ten months, and would now help other children live healthier lives.

Many residents described the gesture as heartbreaking yet inspiring, highlighting the importance of organ donation awareness.

Medical experts also said the case could encourage more families to consider organ donation, especially in pediatric cases where waiting lists are often long.

Aalin Sherin Abraham’s story, they said, is a reminder that even the shortest life can leave a lasting impact by saving many others.