Experiencing daytime sleepiness is something that is usually perceived as a minor inconvenience, but for older adults, it could be an early warning sign of Dementia. This neurodegenerative disease leads to the progressive decline of brain cells. This eventually

affects memory, cognition, and personality, making everyday tasks more difficult. As one of the fastest-growing neurological disorders across the world, dementia poses a significant health threat to ageing populations.

Is Dementia Linked To Poor Sleep?

For this study, researchers followed 445 older adults (average age 76) over three years, aiming to determine whether poor sleep could increase the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which often leads to dementia. At the start, none of the participants had MCI, but by the end of the study, 36 individuals had developed the condition.

The researchers discovered that participants with poor sleep were more likely to develop MCI compared to those who slept well. However, when depression symptoms were taken into account, the link between poor sleep and MCI became less pronounced, suggesting that while sleep issues are a concern, mental health also plays a key role in dementia risk.

To assess sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used, evaluating factors such as sleep duration, disturbances, and daytime alertness. Among these, "daytime dysfunction"—defined as excessive sleepiness and low energy during the day—was most strongly associated with an increased risk of MCI. Those experiencing daytime dysfunction were more than three times as likely to develop MCI as those who didn’t report such symptoms.

There are many types of dementia:

Dementia is not a specific disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), it is an overall term that describes a decline in mental ability that interferes with daily life. People with dementia often have symptoms like trouble remembering, thinking, or making everyday decisions. These symptoms tend to get worse over time.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia, and it mostly affects the elderly. Each form of dementia has a different cause. Though dementia mostly affects older adults, it is not a part of normal ageing. An estimated 6.7 million older adults have Alzheimer's disease in the United States. That number is expected to double by 2060, as per data from the CDC.

In 2022, 3.8% of men and 4.2% women in US were diagnosed with dementia. The percentage of people increase with age from 1.7% for those aged 65-74 to 13.1% for those aged 85 and older. Alzheimer's accounts for 60 to 80% of all dementia cases and it is most prevalent in California, Florida, and Texas, as these states have the highest number of people.

Rotavirus has been increasingly detected in wastewater in several California cities, sparking concerns about the risk of the deadly and highly contagious virus in young children.

The virus is highly contagious and known for causing fever, vomiting, and severe watery diarrhea among small children. Older children and adults with weakened immune systems also are vulnerable, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

As per data from WastewaterSCAN, “high concentrations” of rotavirus have been found in Marin, Redwood City, San Jose, and Santa Cruz, while moderate concentrations have been found in Sacramento, Davis, San Francisco, Sunnyvale, Fremont, Vallejo, and Novato, The Sacramento Bee reported.

"It's extremely contagious," Dr. Monica Gandhi, an infectious disease specialist at UC San Francisco, told SFGATE Thursday, explaining that rotavirus is one of the lesser-known gastrointestinal illnesses.

According to UCSF, approximately 50,000 children in the US are hospitalized with it each year.

What Is Rotavirus?

Rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children worldwide.

The virus, a member of the reovirus family, affects the vast majority of children worldwide before the age of 3 years, and in most developing countries before the first birthday.

The virus causing the infection was discovered in 1973, according to the National Institutes of Health. It causes severe diarrhea, often leading to dehydration, which can be severe, requiring hospitalization.

It is transmitted by

• the fecal-oral route
• directly from person to person,
• indirectly through contaminated objects.

• transient loose stools
• severe diarrhea
• vomiting,
• dehydration,
• electrolyte disturbances,
• shock,
• death if rehydration is not provided.

Is Rotavirus Preventable By Vaccine?

WHO-prequalified rotavirus vaccines have been available since 2008, and there are currently four vaccines available. They are all live, oral vaccines.

RotaTeq, Rotavac, and ROTASIIL should be administered in a 3-dose schedule, while a 2-dose schedule should be used for Rotarix. A minimum interval of 4 weeks should be maintained between doses, the WHO said.

In addition, key measures to prevent diarrhea include the following:

• access to safe drinking water
• use of improved sanitation
• hand washing with soap
• exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life
• good personal and food hygiene
• health education about how infections spread.

Resident doctors in the UK have launched a six-day strike in a dispute with the government over pay.

Tens of thousands of medics have walked out of the National Health Service (NHS) in England on Tuesday, in the 15th strike since March 2023. Their demand: “full pay restoration”.

The six-day walkout comes as the doctors’ group rejected an offer made by the government in March.

According to the British Medical Association (BMA), the government’s proposal failed to reverse years of pay erosion and staffing pressures.

The BMA represents about 55,000 of the resident doctors - formerly known as ‌junior doctors - ⁠who make up nearly half of the medical workforce.

The strike is due to run until the morning of April 13, after a 48-hour ultimatum from Prime Minister Keir Starmer passed without agreement.

Doctors Strike: What Is The Reason?

The BMA argues that doctors are still being paid a fifth less than they were in 2008, once inflation is taken into account. This is despite receiving pay rises worth 33 percent over the past four years.

Dr Jack Fletcher, chair of the BMA's resident doctor committee, told BBC Radio 4's Today program he was "genuinely very sorry" to patients who had care postponed due to the strike, but noted that such delays also occurred "without strike action" because of a lack of specialists and GPs.

"The way out of this is to get around the negotiating table, as we were for eight or so weeks, talk constructively to get a deal, to get us out of this.

Dr Emma Runswick, deputy chair of the BMA Council, told BBC Breakfast they had been close to reaching a deal but "the government decided to move the goalposts quite last minute to reduce the level of investment they were prepared to make".

The 15th NHS Doctors' Strike: How Patients Will Be Affected

The strike began at 07:00 BST on Tuesday and promises to cause significant disruption to services.

Dr Melissa Ryan, 45, a pediatric registrar, said she was frustrated that the government was cutting training places and some children were waiting years for assessments, the BBC reported.

The pediatrician who joined dozens of resident doctors in the six-day strike over jobs and pay has said the NHS may "end up without doctors" if the long-running dispute continues.

However, senior medics have being called in to provide cover in emergency settings, still some pre-planned treatments and appointments may get cancelled.

Meanwhile, the NHS has urged patients not to put off seeking help if needed, saying those with emergency and urgent needs should use 999 and 111 as normal, the BBC reported.

While GP services are largely unaffected, the NHS advised patients with prior appointments and treatments scheduled to attend unless told otherwise.

Strikes Costing The NHS £50 Million Daily

Health Secretary Wes Streeting told BBC Breakfast that 95 percent of appointments were still in place. He also apologized to people affected by cancellations, saying they "deserve better".

He criticized the BMA for not accepting the government’s latest offer and said the government had negotiated with the BMA "in good faith".

According to the British government, the strikes were costing the NHS £50m a day, meaning the health service had lost around £3bn since industrial action started in March 2023. However, a detailed breakdown of costs has not been set out.

Speaking on Times Radio on Tuesday, Streeting said resident doctors had secured the largest pay uplift of any public sector group under the Labour government, but had rejected the offer without putting forward a counter proposal.

The Telangana Government today announced a partnership with pharma giant AstraZeneca India to bring artificial intelligence (AI)-powered lung cancer screening to public hospitals in the state.

The collaboration aims to strengthen early detection and improve outcomes for patients in both urban and rural areas.

Under the MoU, AstraZeneca will facilitate the deployment of Qure.ai's AI-powered chest X-ray solution to be integrated into routine workflows at public health facilities across Telangana.

The technology will help clinicians flag the high-risk pulmonary nodules, a predominant precursor of lung cancer, along with 29 other lung conditions.

The high-risk patients will be triaged for lung cancer confirmation or future follow-up to ensure the stage shift of lung cancer at diagnosis. A similar model has already been adopted in Goa, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka.

“Telangana is witnessing a steady rise in cancer cases, and late diagnosis due to limited screening uptake remains a major challenge. This collaboration integrates technology into routine public healthcare to bridge gaps in access and capacity and reflects our continued focus on building a more proactive, future-ready health system,” said Dr. S. Sangeetha Satyanarayana, Commissioner of Health & Family Welfare Directorate, Government of Telangana.

The initiative is expected to roll out across 20 public health facilities, covering urban and rural health systems. It includes training and upskilling of healthcare professionals to support effective and sustainable adoption, as well as infrastructure enhancements where needed to ensure seamless integration into the public health system.

Lung Cancer burden in India

Lung cancer is among the most pressing public health challenges in India today. National incidence is projected to rise from approximately 63,700 cases in 2015 to over 81,200 by 2025, a 27 percent increase over the decade, driven by tobacco use, environmental pollution, and critically, the near absence of routine screening.

Between 80 and 85 percent of patients present with advanced, incurable disease at the time of diagnosis, contributing to nearly 60,000 deaths from lung cancer each year. The disease is also no longer confined to smokers: cases among non-smokers are rising by 30 to 40 percent, making broad, population-level detection efforts increasingly important.

Telangana reflects these national pressures acutely.

The state is projected to record 46,762 new cancer cases among adults in 2026, rising to 47,314 by 2030, an estimated 13 percent increase by 2027.

Women bear a disproportionate share, with 25,510 new cases expected this year against 21,252 in men.

According to the Telangana Cancer Burden Profile 2026, published by ICMR-NCDIR, one in six women in Hyderabad faces the risk of developing cancer in her lifetime; one in eight men is likely to receive a cancer diagnosis before the age of 74.

The Role Of Early Detection

Low awareness, cost barriers, and limited access in rural areas compound the challenge, frequently delaying diagnosis until the disease has progressed beyond curative treatment.

Early detection changes this equation fundamentally. Screening programs that identify lung cancer at earlier stages can make curative therapies available to a significantly larger proportion of patients, improving survival outcomes and reducing the overall burden on the health system.

“Early detection plays a defining role in improving cancer outcomes, particularly in diseases like lung cancer, where diagnosis often happens at advanced stages,” said Praveen Rao Akkinepally, Country President & Managing Director, AstraZeneca Pharma India.