The current measles outbreak has gripped US states like Texas and New Mexico leaving people worried whether it would become a new pandemic. According to the Texas Department of State Health Services as of February 21, 90 cases were diagnosed in the last month in the South Plains area, with at least 77 of them were reported in children and teens under 17.

Measles is highly contagious and can be deadly. The outbreak, which started spreading in late January, has resulted in multiple hospitalizations, with at least nine confirmed cases and three probable cases as of early February. Health officials caution that at least one in five infected individuals will have to be hospitalized, highlighting the severity of the situation.

Misinformation surrounding vaccines and with the new Trump administration anti-vaccine campaigs, has causing parents to hesitate or refuse vaccination.

Furthermore, the country down under Australia is also witnessing a surge in measles cases as health officials in Sydney have issued an urgent alert, urging residents to watch for measles symptoms after an infected individual visited several places in Sydney over the last seven days.

Authorities report that the traveller had returned from South East Asia where there are ongoing outbreaks of measles.

What Are The Symptoms Measles?

Key symptoms of measles include fever, a runny nose, sore eyes, and a cough. Typically, a red, blotchy rash appears three to four days later, spreading from the head down to the body. Symptoms can manifest between 7 and 18 days after exposure.

Anyone who experiences these symptoms after potential exposure should immediately contact their doctor or emergency department. It is crucial to call ahead before visiting to avoid potentially exposing others in the waiting room. Dr. Selvey also highlighted that ongoing measles outbreaks are occurring in various parts of the world, making awareness and prompt action essential.

Why It Is Important To Get Vaccinated?

According to CDC everyone should get the MMR vaccine. It protects you from measles, mumps, and rubella. Getting vaccinated helps stop these diseases from spreading. There are two safe MMR vaccines available. They work the same way, so it doesn't matter which one you get. Kids can also get a shot that protects against chickenpox too, but this is only for children.

Who Should Get Vaccinated?

Kids Need Two Shots

All children should get two MMR shots. The first shot should be given when they are between 12 and 15 months old. The second shot should be given when they are between 4 and 6 years old. If needed, the second shot can be given earlier, but it must be at least 28 days after the first shot.

College Students Need to Be Protected

Students going to college or other schools after high school, need two shots if they are not already immune. The shots must be at least 28 days apart.

Adults Need at Least One Shot

Most adults need at least one MMR shot. Some adults need two shots, especially those who work in healthcare, travel a lot, or go to college. These people should get two shots, with 28 days between them.

Travelers Need to Be Extra Careful

Anyone traveling to other countries should make sure they are protected. Babies 6 to 11 months old should get one shot before traveling. Kids 12 months and older, teens, and adults need two shots, with 28 days between them.

Healthcare Workers Must Be Immune

People who work in healthcare should have proof that they are immune to measles, mumps, and rubella. If they are not immune, they need two MMR shots, spaced 28 days apart.

Women Thinking About Having Babies

Women who might get pregnant should talk to their doctor about the MMR vaccine. It's safe to get the shot while breastfeeding.

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has stepped up enforcement across the food, beverage and FMCG sectors, with the drive gathering pace since July.

In recent weeks, FSSAI has acted against or scrutinised products and companies over misleading claims, hygiene and food-safety violations, non-compliant ingredients, labelling issues and failure to meet prescribed standards.

The action has covered packaged foods, liquor, edible oils, sweeteners and high-caffeine beverages.

What Has FSSAI Cracked Down On?

1. Dabur — “100%” Claims

FSSAI directed Dabur India to prohibit the sale of food products such as honey, cow ghee and edible oils carrying “100%” claims.

Dabur challenged the action, accusing FSSAI of favouring certain manufacturers. The company approached the Delhi High Court, which stayed the order, with Dabur arguing that the action was taken without allowing it to be heard.

Dabur also submitted that the “100%” claim is used by several other manufacturers. The matter will next be heard by the Delhi High Court on August 24.

2. Liquor Brands — Artificial Flavouring

The food safety regulator has banned the sale of select whisky and rum products from major liquor companies, including Diageo India’s United Spirits, after finding artificial or “nature-identical” flavouring that allegedly violates Indian food standards.

The affected products include United Spirits’ Antiquity Blue Whisky and Royal Challenge Whisky manufactured in Madhya Pradesh, Inbrew’s Bagpiper Deluxe Whisky and Old Cask Deluxe XXX Rum, and three variants of Old Monk produced by Mohan Rocky Springwater in Maharashtra.

3. VKC Nuts — licence suspended

The licence was suspended following serious food-safety and hygiene violations, including live insects in pistachios stored in the finished goods storage area, and heavy black mould and fungal growth observed on the walls and ceilings of the raw material storage area.

4. Chheda Specialities Foods — licence suspended

The Mumbai-based ethnic snack and namkeen manufacturer faced licence suspension over serious hygiene violations. Inspections reportedly found unhygienic handling, roof leakages, fungal growth near edible oil storage tanks and poor waste management.

5. Fortune Fryola — Vitamin D standards

Action was taken against AWL Agri Business after its fortified sunflower oil failed prescribed Vitamin D standards.

6. PIE Foods — monk fruit sweetener

Action involved related compliance issues. FSSAI also flagged product labels that lacked mandatory declarations and carried claims including “100% Monk Fruit Extract” and “Natural Ingredients”. Its e-commerce website also carried the claim “Doctor Recommended”.

7. High-caffeine beverages — “energy drink” claims

FSSAI has continued action over products using the term “energy drink” without meeting relevant standards. Brands involved include Red Bull, Monster, Sting and Adrenaline Rush.

Other Recent Actions

Switz Foods: Licence suspended over food-safety and hygiene violations.

Matri Drinking Water: Licence suspended over food-safety, storage and hygiene issues.

Noble Healthcare – Venolex Forte: Action over non-permitted ingredients and excessive Vitamin C.

Vatave Healthcare – Folineuro Syrup: Action over brain-function claims.

Global Healthfit Retail – Neuherbs True Vitamin: Action over product naming and claim-related compliance.

Why Does the Crackdown Matter?

Stronger enforcement could improve food quality, curb misleading claims and encourage manufacturers to comply with safety standards, experts say.

“Although late, this initiative of enforcement of correct ingredients of the products is very beneficial in the long-term health of the nation, especially the youth health, those who consume more of the packed items including beverages, canned food and drinks, fruit drinks and packed milk,” said Dr Mohsin Wali, Senior Consultant, Department of Medicine, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, told HealthandMe.

Why Clear Labelling Matters

Dr Wali said food labels should be properly sized, readable and clearly displayed, with key information prominently placed rather than hidden on the sides or bottom of packaging.

He also said ingredients should be clearly identified rather than represented through codes. If an emulsifier is used, for example, the specific emulsifier should be named.

According to Dr Wali, stronger enforcement could help prevent diseases including obesity, PCOD, atherosclerosis, heart disease, stroke and hypertension.

Bruce Willis’ wife, Emma Heming Willis, has opened up about “wrestling” with guilt over celebrating her 50th birthday while her husband continues to battle dementia.

The former model turned 50 in June and, in an Instagram post, wrote, “I’m ready for this new decade and all it has to offer.”

However, she admitted she was initially wary of celebrating because of her husband’s dementia struggles. At the behest of friends and family, she decided to mark the milestone. Still, she said she continued to wrestle with guilt about celebrating while Bruce Willis is living with a terminal condition.

‘I’m Always Carrying’ Guilt

Speaking on a podcast, Emma said she had not been “in the celebratory feelings” recently and was unsure whether she wanted to do anything for her 50th birthday.

A friend encouraged her to celebrate, reminding her that she did not want to miss marking the milestone.

“I always wrestle with it, you know?” she said. “I think guilt is something that I am always carrying, but I’ve learned that it is really not helpful. What I know is I always go back to what would my husband want for me?”

She explained that even ordinary moments of celebration can bring guilt, as she often feels there are other things she should be doing for her husband.

“There are moments [when] you want to do something, [but] you say, ‘Oh, but I can’t, I can’t. There’s a million other things that I need to be doing for him.’”

However, Emma said she believes the Die Hard star would want her to enjoy the milestone with the people she loves. She said he “would want me to have a big fun bash” and “would want me to celebrate my life with my friends and family.”

In March 2023, Bruce Willis, who dominated Hollywood during his career, was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a degenerative condition that can affect communication, behavior and motor skills.

Emma On The Emotional Toll Of Caregiving

This is not the first time Emma has spoken about the guilt and emotional challenges of caring for her husband.

Emma, who has been his primary caregiver, previously said that Bruce is supported, loved and cared for by the family.

“You know, we’re doing well. My husband is supported and loved and we’re doing the best we can under the circumstances,” she said during an interview on Today in May.

Last year, at the Women’s Alzheimer’s Movement Forum in Las Vegas, Emma also spoke about the emotional impact of Bruce’s diagnosis and the unseen toll of caregiving. She recalled the day Bruce was formally diagnosed as one that left her feeling “lost, isolated and afraid.”

Caregiving is a respectable position, but it's also a challenging and thankless one. For those who are caring for loved ones with dementia or other chronic illnesses, the stress of "keeping it all together" can result in a condition called caregiver burnout.

"Caring for someone is the most intimate and demanding work of love," Emma explained, "but when you're not noticed or supported, it begins to undermine your health—mentally and physically."

Canada has never reported a case of Ebola, yet Nova Scotia has become one of the first places in the world where humans are receiving an experimental vaccine against the deadly virus.

The first participant received Moderna’s experimental mRNA-1469 vaccine in Truro, Nova Scotia, on August 3. The Phase 1 trial is being conducted at three Canadian sites in Truro, Halifax and Toronto and aims to enrol around 80 healthy adults.

Why Is Canada Testing An Ebola Vaccine?

Also read: Ebola Outbreak in Congo Surpasses 4,000 Cases; Officials To Probe Whether Bundibugyo Virus Is Mutating

The current outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is being caused by Bundibugyo ebolavirus, a relatively rare Ebola species for which there is currently no approved vaccine or treatment.

More than 3,800 infections and over 1,700 deaths have been reported in the outbreak, making it the second-largest Ebola outbreak on record.

Existing Ebola vaccines are largely designed to protect against the Zaire species, which caused previous major outbreaks. They cannot simply protect the masses against Bundibugyo.

This has created a dangerous situation: an outbreak is already underway, but scientists do not yet have a licensed vaccine specifically targeting the strain driving it.

Why Nova Scotia Is Chosen For Testing Ebola Vaccine?

Also read: Ebola Outbreak: Moderna Begins First Human Trial Of Bundibugyo Vaccine As Cases Rise to 3,748

Nova Scotia was not selected because Ebola is circulating there. In fact, Health Canada says there have been no cases of Ebola disease in Canada.

But, the province has something far more useful for an early vaccine trial: years of experience conducting vaccine research.

The Canadian Center for Vaccinology, a collaboration involving Dalhousie University, IWK Health and Nova Scotia Health, has extensive experience in vaccine development and clinical trials.

Moderna said Canada was selected because of its experience with early-stage clinical trials, Health Canada's regulations and the country's long history of contribution to research on filoviruses, the family of viruses that includes Ebola.

“Canadian researchers and participants are contributing an important first step in a broader international effort to develop a vaccine against a form of Ebola for which no approved protection is currently available,” Hamilton Bennett, Moderna's executive director of global health security and R&D partnerships, said.

About The Ebola Trial In Nova Scotia

Phase 1 trials primarily examine whether a vaccine is safe, what dose should be used and whether it produces an immune response.

Participants are given the vaccine, not the Ebola virus, and they cannot get Ebola from the vaccine trial itself.

The mRNA-1469 vaccine uses the same mRNA technology that Moderna used for its COVID-19 vaccine. It is designed to teach the immune system to recognise Bundibugyo virus and produce an immune response without exposing volunteers to the live virus.

The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) has committed up to US$50 million to support Moderna's vaccine development. If the vaccine eventually proves successful, Moderna has committed to making at least 500,000 doses available to low- and middle-income countries.

Dalhousie researchers are studying the Bundibugyo virus itself. Recent work helped identify a genetically distinct variant circulating in the DRC and investigate possible treatment options.

Phase 1 of the trial can establish safety and immune responses, but larger Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies will be needed to determine whether the vaccine actually prevents Ebola disease.