“I'm not great at the advice. Can I interest you in a sarcastic comment?”

This is what ‘Friends’ actor Matthew Perry’s character Chandler Bing was known for. He was known for being funny. However, he had his own struggles in his personal life and those struggles were acute depression. He was treating it with ketamine infusion therapy which is legal in the US and the UK.

What is Ketamine infusion therapy?

Ketamine is an anaesthetic used to treat depression, anxiety and pain under supervised and controlled medical settings. However, it does have its side effects, which can lead to distortion of sight, sound and time. It can also produce calming and relaxing effects.

Ketamine increases a person’s heart rate and blood pressure. If overdosed, it can leave users confused and agitated and can cause them to hurt themselves without even realising it. It can also lead to liver damage and bladder problems.

However, when used in moderation and under the supervision of medical doctors, it can treat depression where traditional antidepressants have failed.

Prof Rupert McShane, a University of Oxford psychiatrist who runs an NHS ketamine treatment clinic told BBC that ketamine “probably turns off the area of the brain that is involved in disappointment.”

Can Ketamine Infusion Therapy Kill Someone?

In simple terms, it cannot, be if the dosage is given in a controlled setting and as prescribed. Ketamine infusion therapy uses drugs in small doses than those used for anaesthesia. It acts faster than traditional anti-depressants, but the effects also wear off way quickly. Which is why it is important to monitor patients’ mental state for relapsing back into depression and discouraging them from overdosing on it.

There are ways of giving people ketamine. One of the ways is through “infusing”, which means to use an IV drip. However, injections, nasal sprays and capsules are also methods used to give people ketamine.

Since the dosage of ketamine used in the infusion treatment is small, it being the reason of actor Perry’s death was ruled out. The medical examiner also noted that Perry’s last ketamine infusion therapy session happened more than a week before his death, which means by the time he had died, it must have worn off.

So, What Happened To Perry?

Though Perry’s last session was more than a week before, his post-mortem showed that his blood contained a high concentration of ketamine. He had died of the “acute effects” of ketamine.

If it was not his session, then how did he get ketamine?

Prosecutors alleged that his assistant gave him at least 27 shots of ketamine in four days before his death, reported BBC.

Perry has been open about his personal struggles and this is what the doctors and dealers used against him. Martin Estrada, the US attorney for California’s Central District told the BBC that people took advantage of his condition. They charged him 165 times more than what vials of ketamine cost.

Names that have come up include Dr Salvador Plasencia, drug dealers “Ketamine Queen” aka Jasveen Sangha and Eric Fleming, and Perry’s live-in assistant Kenneth Iwamasa.

Who Are These Names And What Did They Do?

Ketamine Queen or Sangha supplied drugs that led to Perry’s death. Her home was a “drug-selling emporium,” said Estrada. More than 80 vials of ketamine, and thousands of pills including methamphetamine, cocaine and Xanax were allegedly found in her house known as the “Sangha Stash House.”

Sangha is known to deal with high-end celebs and was a “major source of supply for ketamine to others as well as Perry,” said Estrada.

Dr Plasencia called Perry a “moron” while charging him $2,000 for vials that cost only $12. He sold Perry 20 vials of ketamine between September and October 2023, costing $55,000.

He was the one who taught Iwamasa, who had no medical knowledge to inject the drug. This is after he knew that “Perry’s ketamine addiction was spiralling out of control,” as per what the investigators told the BBC.

Another dealer Fleming was told by Sangha to “delete all our messages.” While Fleming pleaded guilty to conspiring to distribute drugs unlawfully, he also allegedly messaged Sangha: “Please call...Got more info and want to bounce ideas off you. I’m 90% sure everyone is protected. I never dealt with [Perry] only his assistant. So the assistant was the enabler.”

The court documents also revealed that he asked Sangha on whether the ketamine stays in your system or “is it immediately flushed out.”

Dr Pepper, Bots, Cans

The people who allegedly exploited Perry used coded language for ketamine and called it “Dr Pepper”, “bots”, or “cans.”

Selling overpriced drugs, taking advantage of Perry’s mental condition and falsifying medical records to make the drugs given to him look legitimate by Dr Plasencia is what took Perry’s life.

Iwamasa is said to have administered more than 20 shots of ketamine and three on the day Perry died. Whereas ketamine is only administered by a physician. Authorities also found that weeks before Perry’s death, Dr Plasencia allegedly bought 10 vials of ketamine and intended to sell to Perry.

He also injected Perry with a large dose, two days later. This caused him to “freeze up” and spiked his blood pressure.

When I Die, I Want Helping Others To Be The First Thing That’s Mentioned

Perry had always been open about his drug addictions, struggles with alcohol and his depression. He said that his openness would help others who are also struggling and wanted to be remembered by his quote which also is on the homepage of the Mattew Perry Foundation that helps others struggling with the disease of addiction: “When I die, I want helping others to be the first thing that’s mentioned.”

Five arrests have been made in the case so far.

Millie Bobby Brown has built an impressive career, all while quietly managing a few health concerns along the way. From becoming a household name through Netflix’s hugely popular Stranger Things to leading films like Enola Holmes, the Gen Z actor (now a married mother of one) has made a strong mark in Hollywood. What many people may not realise is that her work has, at times, been shaped by a hearing-related condition. Brown has lived with hearing loss for most of her life, a fact that often goes unnoticed.

Millie Bobby Brown Reveals Having Unilateral Deafness

Brown first spoke publicly about her hearing condition in a 2017 interview with Variety, where she shared that she has had hearing loss in one ear since birth. Even early in her career, she was clear that she would not allow it to stand in the way of her passion for performing. “I just started to sing, and if I sound bad I don’t care, because I’m just doing what I love,” she said at the time. “You don’t have to be good at singing. You don’t have to be good at dancing or acting. If you enjoy it and it makes you happy, you should do it.”

While Brown rarely focuses on her hearing loss, she has spoken about how it affects her daily life. In a conversation with Call Her Daddy host Alex Cooper, she explained that certain sounds, like loud chewing, do not bother her because she can mostly hear herself when she eats. She also shared that her husband, Jake Bongiovi, whom she married in 2022, sometimes jokes that she has “selective hearing.” In reality, she says sounds often feel “muffled, like being underwater.” Brown admitted that she does miss important moments, including hearing directors call out “action” or “cut” on set.

What Is Unilateral Deafness?

Unilateral hearing loss happens when hearing is affected in one ear while the other ear functions normally. Even with hearing in one ear, this condition can make it difficult to understand speech clearly and to identify where sounds are coming from.

The level of hearing loss in one ear can range from mild to severe. When there is little to no hearing at all in one ear, it is described as severe or profound hearing loss, also known as single-sided deafness. Unilateral hearing loss may be present at birth, develop gradually, or appear suddenly. Depending on the cause, options such as hearing aids or cochlear implants may help improve hearing, according to the Cleveland Clinic.

Unilateral Deafness: What Are The Symptoms?

Many symptoms of unilateral hearing loss are similar to those seen with hearing loss in both ears. You may:

• Ask people to repeat what they’ve said
• Increase the volume on your television, laptop, or phone
• Struggle to follow conversations, especially in noisy places like restaurants or busy workplaces
• If hearing is affected in only one ear, tinnitus, or ringing, may occur on that side alone. You may also notice that you tend to rely more on one ear when speaking on the phone or listening to others.
• Although unilateral hearing loss often develops slowly, it can also happen suddenly. If you experience a sudden loss of hearing in one ear, it’s important to seek medical advice promptly.

What Causes Unilateral Hearing Loss?

Doctors do not yet fully understand all the reasons why hearing loss occurs in just one ear. Causes can differ between adults and children. In children, hearing loss may be linked to genetics or infections. Possible causes include:

• Noise-related hearing damage
• Certain inherited conditions, such as neurofibromatosis Type 2, which can lead to acoustic neuromas in one ear
• Head injuries
• Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

Unilateral Hearing Loss: Is There Treatment Available?

According to the American Academy of Audiology, treatment depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the hearing loss. Available options may include:

• Hearing aids: These are typically worn to support sound perception when one ear is affected
• Contralateral routing of signal (CROS) devices: This setup uses two devices. One acts as a microphone on the non-hearing side and sends sound to a hearing aid worn on the functioning ear
• Cochlear implants: These may help restore hearing in the affected ear and improve speech understanding and sound awareness
• Bone-anchored hearing aids: These devices transmit sound from the non-hearing ear to the hearing ear through bone conduction
• Frequency modulation (FM) systems: FM systems use radio signals to send sound directly from a microphone to a receiver, such as a hearing aid worn on the non-hearing ear

In what researchers are calling an important scientific advance, a team in the US has shown through animal experiments that Alzheimer’s disease may be reversible, overturning a belief that has shaped medical thinking for more than 100 years. For generations, the neurodegenerative condition was considered permanent and progressive. The findings, published in Cell Reports Medicine, are based on multiple preclinical mouse models as well as examinations of human Alzheimer’s brain tissue.

The study found that preserving a healthy balance of NAD, a molecule central to cellular energy production, could both prevent and reverse Alzheimer’s-related damage. NAD plays a key role in brain function and is now seen as a major contributor to the disease process. Researchers also observed that NAD levels drop much more sharply in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s, a pattern that was mirrored in mouse models of the condition.

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Alzheimer’s Disease Can Be Reversed, New Study Shows

“We were extremely encouraged by what we observed,” said Andrew A. Pieper, the study’s senior author and Director of the Brain Health Medicines Center at the Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals, as per Sciencedirect. “By restoring the brain’s energy balance, we saw both structural and functional recovery in mice with advanced Alzheimer’s.”

Pieper noted that the effect appeared consistently across two very different mouse models, each driven by separate genetic mechanisms linked to Alzheimer’s in humans. “Seeing recovery in models caused by distinct genetic pathways strengthens the case that restoring NAD balance in the brain could have real therapeutic potential for patients,” he said.

For the study, researchers examined mice engineered to carry genetic mutations known to cause Alzheimer’s disease in people. One group of mice carried multiple human mutations affecting amyloid processing, while the second group carried a human mutation in the tau protein.

After confirming that brain NAD levels dropped sharply in both human Alzheimer’s tissue and mouse models, the team tested whether stopping this decline before symptoms appeared could prevent disease, and whether restoring NAD levels after the disease had progressed could reverse it. To do this, they used a well-studied drug called P7C3-A20 to restore NAD balance in the brain.

The results were striking. Not only did maintaining NAD levels prevent Alzheimer’s from developing in mice, but starting treatment later, after the disease was already advanced, allowed the brain to repair the main pathological damage caused by the genetic mutations. In both mouse models, cognitive abilities were fully restored.

What Is NAD In Alzheimer’s?

In Alzheimer’s disease, NAD, short for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is an essential coenzyme whose levels naturally decline with age. This decline disrupts energy production, mitochondrial health, DNA repair, and the ability of neurons to withstand stress. Research suggests that increasing NAD levels, often through precursors such as nicotinamide riboside, may reverse Alzheimer’s-related damage, improve memory, and correct abnormal RNA processing in animal models. Because of this, NAD has become a major area of focus for developing new Alzheimer’s therapies, according to the National Institutes of Health.

Why NAD Is Important In Alzheimer’s

• Energy and Mitochondria: NAD is necessary for producing ATP, the cell’s main energy source, and for keeping mitochondria functioning properly, both of which are critical for healthy brain cells.
• Cellular Stress: NAD supports neurons in responding to and surviving stress. When NAD levels fall in Alzheimer’s, these protective mechanisms weaken.
• DNA Repair: NAD is involved in repairing DNA damage, which increases as amyloid-beta accumulates in the brain. Low NAD levels interfere with this repair process.
• RNA Splicing: Emerging research shows that NAD may help correct faulty RNA splicing events linked to Alzheimer’s. This process may involve a protein called EVA1C and could contribute to improved memory and better clearance of harmful proteins.

Next Steps Toward Human Trials

The findings also pave the way for further research and eventual testing in people. The technology behind the treatment is currently being developed for commercial use by Glengary Brain Health, a Cleveland-based company co-founded by Dr. Pieper.

“This recovery-based treatment approach now needs to be tested in carefully designed clinical trials to see if the benefits seen in animals can be replicated in humans,” Pieper said.

He added that future laboratory work will focus on identifying which components of brain energy balance matter most for recovery, exploring additional strategies that could complement this approach, and determining whether similar methods could work for other long-term, age-related neurodegenerative diseases as well.

Adenovirus, or what some people are calling the mystery disease is going to be the next worry in the UK, after superflu had already grappled the healthcare system. Along with H3N2 and its variant superclade K, people are now worrying about this mystery disease.

Adenovirus is highly contagious and causes mild cold or flu-like symptoms, though severe cases could lead to stomach flu and vomiting. Many describe this virus as 'heartier' than others. The reason is that the virus can survive longer on surfaces and even resist the common disinfectants used. This is what makes it highly transmissible.

Is There Any Treatment For Adenovirus?

As of now, there is no treatment for adenovirus, it could however be managed and monitored. What helps is regular handwashing and thorough cleaning of surfaces.

The good news is that cases of adenovirus are actually dropping in the UK, as confirmed lab reports. The cases last week were 1.2 per cent, whereas the week prior, it was at 1.7 per cent, as also reported by the Independent.

What Are The Symptoms Of Adenovirus?

While a lot of the symptoms mimics of those in flu or COVID, including shortness of breath, a sore throat and or a runny nose. However, there are certain unique symptoms of adenovirus that include:

• Diarrhea
• Pink Eye or conjunctivitis
• Ear infection or otitis media
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Pneumonia
• Stomach pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Other rare symptoms could also include impact on your bladder or nervous system. As viruses in your bladder can also cause urinary tract infections, and the same virus in your nervous system can cause condition that can affect your brain. These conditions also include encephalitis and meningitis.

The symptoms usually start to subside within two days, however, if the symptoms stay even after three days without any relief, it might be a red flag. The best thing to do during such a situation is to go consult your GP.

Also Read: Unique Symptoms Of Mysterious Adenovirus And How Long Infection Now Last

Is Adenovirus Spreading Faster Than Flu and Covid?

Experts have noted that due to its ability to stay longer in the environment and being highly transmissible, it is in fact, spreading faster than flu and COVID. Eric Sachinwalla, Jefferson Health's medical director said that this virus is still unfamiliar and thus not much can actually be done to treat adenovirus. Speaking to PhillyMad, he said, "It is pretty contagious because it is heartier than other viruses - soap and water, or everyday disinfectant, won't kill it, so it tends to live in the environment longer."

What Are The Ways To Stay Safe From Adenovirus?

Since adenovirus spreads through close contact and is resistant to many everyday disinfectants, hygiene remains the key. The best way to stay safe is by avoiding close contact, especially with those who are unwell. You may also keep an eye on your symptoms, including your body temperature and take steps to prevent the virus from spreading by taking precautions, as well as getting the flu jab.