Stomach cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the lining of the stomach. Also, known as Gastric cancer, it affects the elderly more than the adult. According to the American Cancer Society, about 6 of every 10 people diagnosed with stomach cancer each year are 65 or older. Also, the lifetime risk of developing stomach cancer is higher in men (about 1 in 101) than in women (about 1 in 155).

A health expert, speaking to a leading media house, emphasized five common symptoms of stomach cancer that should not be ignored:

1. Unexplained weight loss: Losing weight without trying or experiencing an unexplained drop in appetite, which may signal cancer progression.

2. Pain in the upper part of the abdomen: Persistent or occasional pain in the stomach area, often after eating, can become more severe as the condition progresses.

3. Frequent vomiting after meals: Nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting, may occur especially after meals and is linked to cancer blocking or irritating the stomach.

4. Vomiting blood, which may appear coffee-colored: This can indicate bleeding in the stomach, often caused by ulcers or tumors, and requires immediate medical attention.

5. Black, tarry stools: This occurs when blood from the stomach is digested and passed through the intestines, signaling potential internal bleeding

There are also other concerning signs that should not be overlooked such as jaundice, unexplained weight loss, early onset of diabetes, dark stools, and loss of appetite. Health experts strongly advise seeking immediate medical attention if you notice any of these symptoms. If you or a loved one experience these signs, it's crucial to visit a physician for a thorough evaluation to rule out serious underlying health conditions.

How Does Stomach Cancer Spread?

Oncologist Dr Pankaj Kumar Pande, Director–Surgical Oncology, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, Delhi explained that this form of cancer spreads through three main pathways: Direct spread, lymphatic spread, and bloodstream.

1. Direct Spread: In its early stages, stomach cancer can invade nearby tissues and grow into the deeper layers of the stomach or spread to surrounding organs such as the oesophagus, liver, pancreas, or intestines.

2. Lymphatic Spread: Cancer cells can travel through the lymphatic system. The most common areas affected are the regional lymph nodes near the stomach, particularly those around the liver and diaphragm.

3. Bloodstream: "Cancer cells can enter the bloodstream and travel to distant parts of the body," which is a common route for stomach cancer to metastasize to distant organs.

He further explained that cancerous cells spread from the original tumour to other parts of the body through a process called Metastasis. The most common sites for the spread are the liver, lymph nodes, peritoneum, lungs, bones, and ovaries.

Millions of bottles of over-the-counter cooling eye drops have been recalled across the United States after the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) raised concerns that the products may not be sterile. Sterility issues raises the risk of eye infections significantly.

The FDA has classified the recall as a Class II recall. An FDA Class II recall for a product refers to the public health action that may cause temporary health problems, where the chance of serious harm is remote.

This recall covers nearly 12 million bottles of eight Rohto cooling eye drop products. The agency said the recall was initiated on July 14, due to a “lack of assurance of sterility” in the affected products.

The eye drops were manufactured in Vietnam and distributed nationwide by The Mentholatum Company.

Which Products Are Affected In The Recall?

The recent FDA recall includes several popular Rohto products, including:

1. Rohto All-in-One
2. Rohto Max Strength
3. Rohto Cool Relief
4. Rohto Dry Aid
5. Rohto Digi Eye
6. Rohto Optic Glow
7. Twin-pack versions of some of these products

The food and drugs regulatory body has warned consumers to stop using the recalled eye drops immediately and check the FDA’s recall notice for affected lot numbers and expiration dates.

Also read: FDA Recalls Popular Thyroid Medication: What Levothyroxine Users Need to Know

Is Sterility A Serious Concern?

Unlike tablets or capsules, eye drops are applied directly onto the eye. The process has limited natural protection against harmful microorganisms.

When sterility cannot always be guaranteed, bacteria or fungi may contaminate the solution easily.

Using contaminated eye drops significantly increases the risk of eye irritation, painful infections, damage to the corneas and, in extreme cases, vision loss.

Although the FDA has not disclosed any confirmed adverse effects linked to this recall, it said the products were withdrawn from the market as a precaution because ophthalmic products must strictly remain sterile throughout their shelf life.

The agency classified the recall as Class II, meaning exposure could cause temporary or reversible health effects, while serious harm is mostly unlikely.

Also read: US FDA Approves New Blood Test To Screen For Colorectal Cancer

Commenting on previous FDA recalls, Dr Gary Novack, clinical professor in the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science at UC Davis, said, “For eye drops, that means strict sterility, ensuring products are free from microorganisms like bacteria.”

He also said that manufacturing facilities must maintain contamination-free conditions because medicines used in the eye bypass many of the body’s natural defence mechanisms.

Dr Jeffrey H. Ma, ophthalmologist at the UC Davis Eye Center, also advised patients not to use recalled products: “Drops that are not on the recall list should be safe to use. If you have any of the drops on the list, you should immediately throw them away.”

What Should You Do If You Have The Recalled Products?

Health authorities recommend that people:

• Stop using any recalled Rohto eye drops immediately.
• Check product lot numbers and expiry dates against the FDA recall list.
• Contact a healthcare provider if they experience eye pain, redness, blurred vision, discharge or persistent irritation after using the recalled products.
• Return or safely dispose of affected products according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

The latest recall comes after multiple eye drop recalls in recent years linked to manufacturing and sterility issues, highlighting growing scrutiny of ophthalmic products.

US President is reportedly asking Secretary of the US Department of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy Jr to make more efforts to cut childhood vaccines in America, according to a media report.

The 80-year-old US president hopes to make “alleviating autism” a component of his legacy, and told Kennedy that he wasn’t making enough cuts to the US vaccination schedule, the Wall Street Journal reported. The report, citing sources, said that Trump believes cutting down the number of recommended childhood vaccines may lead to a drop in autism rates in the country.

He, thus, expressed frustration with the slow pace of progress on the issue at a mid-June Oval Office meeting with Kennedy.

“Donald Trump has been anti-vaccine at least since 2015,” said Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center and an infectious diseases physician at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. At the Republican primary debate that year, Trump said that autism had gotten “totally out of control” and vaccines should be in “smaller doses over a longer period of time”.

Further, Trump reportedly also wants to break the combination vaccine for the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination (MMR) into different shots, to reduce the risk of autism.

However, there has been no scientific evidence to prove that paring down the childhood vaccine schedule can reduce autism rates. Similarly, studies over the years have shown no connection between the MMR and autism.

Kennedy, last year, cancelled roughly $500 million in mRNA vaccine research grants and removed every single member of an immunization advisory panel.

But after White House aides told Kennedy that vaccine skepticism was less popular with voters, and they asked him to focus on more palatable topics, such as food reform, the Health Secretary has largely been mum on vaccines publicly. Trump’s recent urgency on the issue ignores his political advisers’ warnings.

CDC Makes Changes To Its Autism And Vaccine Webpage

Meanwhile, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) revised webpage on autism and vaccines is reigniting the debate over how health agencies should communicate scientific evidence.

The controversy was sparked by changes made to the CDC's autism webpage, which now states that the claim "vaccines do not cause autism" is "not an evidence-based claim" as studies have not ruled out every possible link between infant vaccines and autism.

The page also says the HHS is continuing to investigate the causes of autism.

The revised language represents a shift from the CDC's longstanding public messaging, which for years stated that extensive scientific research had found no causal relationship between vaccines and autism.

Republican Senator Bill Cassidy slammed the agency's messaging while continuing to defend the overwhelming scientific evidence that vaccines do not cause autism.

The changes have also drawn criticism from scientists, physicians, and lawmakers who fear they could weaken public confidence in routine childhood immunization.

Scientific Consensus Remains Intact

Despite the debate surrounding the CDC webpage, the broader scientific consensus has not changed. Large studies conducted over several decades in multiple countries have consistently found no evidence that routine childhood vaccines cause autism.

Major medical organizations continue to support vaccination as one of the safest and most effective public health interventions.

Health experts have also warned that ambiguous or conflicting public health messaging could further affect vaccine confidence at a time when the United States is experiencing its highest number of measles cases in more than three decades, largely driven by declining childhood vaccination rates.

The controversy highlights the growing tension between political oversight and scientific communication within U.S. public health agencies.

For public health experts, the concern extends beyond a single webpage. They argue that how government agencies present scientific evidence can directly influence vaccine confidence, healthcare decisions, and efforts to prevent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases.

A new study suggests that nearly one in three adults in the United States could benefit from blood pressure-lowering medication under the latest treatment guidelines.

Yet millions who qualify are either not taking medication or have blood pressure that remains above recommended targets, highlighting a major gap in hypertension care.

The findings, published in JAMA, analysed data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2021 and 2023.

Researchers evaluated how the updated 2025 American Heart Association (AHA) and American College of Cardiology (ACC) blood pressure guidelines would affect treatment eligibility.

Unchecked Hypertension Crisis

According to the researchers, an estimated 34 million U.S. adults, roughly one in three, meet the criteria for blood pressure medication but are not currently taking it.

Nearly 19 million of them have blood pressure readings of 140/90 mmHg or higher, placing them at increased risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and dementia if left untreated.

The study also found that almost 80% of adults with hypertension have blood pressure levels above the recommended treatment goal of less than 130/80 mmHg.

Also read: Not Just The Heart, Obesity In Midlife Could Be Just As Harmful To The Brain: Study

Treatment Gap

Researchers observed that many adults with high blood pressure were not taking any antihypertensive medication, despite being eligible under current guidelines.

Among those who were not receiving treatment, about two-thirds had blood pressure values within 10 mmHg of the recommended target.

The observation suggested that a combination of medication and lifestyle changes could help many get their readings down.

On the other hand, people who were already taking medication often had blood pressure levels that remained well above target, indicating that medication may need to be intensified.

The authors wrote, “Many could potentially achieve blood pressure control with initiation of antihypertensive medication and lifestyle modification.”

They further noted, “These findings highlight a large gap in hypertension control that implementation of the 2025 AHA/ACC blood pressure guideline recommendations could address.”

Also read: Smoking, Diabetes, High Blood Pressure May Fuel the Most Dangerous Type of Artery Plaque, Study Finds

High BP Is The Silent Killer

High blood pressure is often called the “silent killer” because it usually causes no symptoms while quietly damaging blood vessels and vital organs over time.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), uncontrolled hypertension is a major contributor to heart disease and stroke, two of the leading causes of death in the country.

Researchers also pointed out that more than 80% of adults with uncontrolled blood pressure had health insurance and a regular place for medical care, suggesting that access alone does not fully explain why treatment goals are not being met.

Also read: Why Lifestyle Diseases Don't Take A Break During The Monsoon—Managing Diabetes, Hypertension, And Heart Conditions

Recommended Lifestyle Changes

The updated AHA/ACC guidelines emphasise that treatment should not rely on medication alone. Doctors recommend:

• Following a heart-healthy diet
• Reducing salt intake
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Exercising regularly
• Avoiding alcohol
• Quitting smoking
• Taking prescribed medicines consistently
• Attending regular follow-up appointments

As hypertension continues to affect millions, researchers say earlier diagnosis, timely treatment, and sustained lifestyle changes could substantially reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease and improve long-term health outcomes.