A recent study from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center suggests that adding a personalized mRNA vaccine to standard pancreatic cancer treatment could improve patient outcomes. While it is still in its early stages, the research does offer a potential breakthrough in one of the deadliest forms of cancer. As per the American Cancer Society, about an estimate of 67,440 people is given for people to be diagnosed with cancer. Around 3% of all these cases are in the United States and among 8% of those cases lead to death.A 2024 study based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s database concluded that from 1999 to 2020, 810,628 people died from pancreatic cancer in the United States, which is an average of around 39,000 deaths per year.How Does The mRNA Vaccine Work?Unlike traditional vaccinations that prevent disease, this tailored mRNA vaccine helps the immune system recognize and fight cancer cells. Each patient's vaccination is tailored using the genetic data from the tumor.What Is The Treatment Procedure Like?Removal of Tumor: During surgery, the surgeon removes the patient's tumor and sends it for analysis.Vaccine Development: BioNTech, the German biotechnology company that created the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, creates a tailored vaccine based on the genetic changes discovered in the cancer.Combination Therapy: Patients receive the vaccine along with immunotherapy and chemotherapy to boost the immune system's response.Since the immune system typically has trouble recognizing cancer as a threat, the vaccine serves as a signal, telling the body to recognize and fight the disease.Are There Early Results?The study had 16 patients, including 74-yar-old Barbara Brigham, who joined the trial after being diagnosed with early-stage pancreatic cancer. "The prognosis was not good when I was diagnosed," Brigham told CBS News. "I just wanted to extend that time."The trial results showed that eight patients developed a strong immune response and six of them remained cancer-free for more than three years later.Seven of the eight patients who did not respond to the vaccine saw their cancer return. Researchers also believe that the spleen's role in immune function could be a factor for responding to the medication as patients who had their spleens removed also showed weaker responses. While these results are promising, experts caution that the trial was small, and more research is needed.What Do The Experts Say?Surgical oncologists who also specialize in pancreatic cancer explain that teaching the immune system to fight cancer is challenging. However, the vaccine shows potential as a new avenue for treatment. Gastrointestinal oncologists also note that while the survival rates of the trial patients may have been similar to those receiving traditional treatment, the study does show that an mRNA vaccine can trigger a lasting immune response.In fact, all experts believe that it is a great proof-of-concept study and can be an exciting step towards personalized cancer treatment.Another larger, randomized trial is currently ongoing that focuses on early-stage pancreatic cancer patients whose spleens are intact.