BMI has been the benchmark in evaluating health and fitness for many years. The formula is quite simple: weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. This would easily tell if one is underweight, within the healthy weight range, overweight, or obese. But with new research findings, scientists are now questioning its accuracy and usefulness as a total measure of body composition.

The report, published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, has sparked a global conversation on rethinking BMI. Supported by more than 50 international medical experts, the report suggests classifying obesity into "clinical" and "pre-clinical" types for better diagnosis and treatment. The shift underscores a growing consensus: BMI alone may not tell the full story of your health.

While BMI is simple to calculate and universally accessible, it is far from perfect. It does not consider muscle mass, bone density, or fat distribution, leading to misleading conclusions in some cases. For example, athletes with a high muscle mass may be considered overweight, whereas individuals with normal BMI might carry unhealthy amounts of visceral fat.

A landmark study in JAMA Network Open studied more than 155,000 postmenopausal women and found that women with a normal BMI but a waist size over 35 inches were more likely to die from heart disease or cancer compared with their counterparts whose waists are smaller. That makes a great case for how BMI can be insufficient and fat distribution must be factored into account.

Not all body fat is equal. Subcutaneous fat, which lies just beneath the skin, is relatively harmless. The real health danger lies in visceral fat—fat that surrounds internal organs. Unlike subcutaneous fat, visceral fat is metabolically active, releasing stress hormones like cortisol and inflammatory substances that raise blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels. These effects significantly increase the risk of conditions such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers.

BMI Isn't Always the Best Measure of Body Composition — Here's What to Use Instead

Since BMI is not the most reliable measure, scientists and doctors have sought other means to measure body composition more accurately.

1. Waist Circumference

A simple tape measure can provide valuable insight into your health. Measure your waist at the level of your belly button, ensuring the tape is parallel to the ground. For women, a waist measurement under 35 inches is considered healthy, while for men, the goal is under 40 inches.

2. Waist-to-Hip Ratio

This is the ratio of your waist circumference to that of your hips. To calculate it, divide your waist measurement by your hip measurement. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, a ratio under 0.8 for women and 0.9 for men is considered healthy.

3. Body Roundness Index (BRI)

A newer method that seems to be receiving more attention involves the Body Roundness Index or BRI: height, weight, and girth are placed together to represent a more advanced view of what body composition says. Research presented in JAMA Network Open offers evidence that this BRI predicts mortality risk greater than BMI in some cases- a promising weapon for public health.

Also Read: Using BMI To Classify People As Obese Is Flawed Say Experts

Ways To Cut Off Unhealthy Fat

The good news is that visceral fat responds well to lifestyle changes. Here are three evidence-based strategies:

Time-Restricted Eating

Adopting an eating window of 12 hours—such as from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.—can significantly reduce visceral fat, according to a study published in Nutrition Research Reviews. This approach not only helps control caloric intake but also reduces late-night snacking, a known risk factor for abdominal obesity.

Limit Alcohol Intake

Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with increased belly fat. A 2017 study published in Public Health Nutrition revealed that alcohol increases the levels of insulin and encourages the storage of fat in the abdominal area. Limiting alcohol to occasional indulgence helps avoid weight gain in this region.

High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)

HIIT involves repeated episodes of high-intensity exercise separated by periods of rest. A review in *Sports Medicine* concluded that HIIT is very effective in reducing visceral and total body fat. It can be noted that adding just 20 minutes of HIIT two times a week can make all the difference.

The reliance on BMI as a sole indicator of health is increasingly being challenged. While it remains a convenient screening tool, its limitations necessitate a broader approach that considers factors like fat distribution, waist circumference, and new metrics such as BRI.

In the simplest of words, health is multi-dimensional, and shifting perspectives from considering weight solely to broader measures of body composition will get people a much clearer understanding of where their health risks are so that they can take the action required for a better quality of life. Through adjustment to diet, exercise, or perhaps through innovative metrics like BRI, health is well within reach of the individual.

This dynamic conversation raises the point about personalized health screenings, which helps everyone get more relevant tools fitting their unique lives and circumstances. As body composition research is enhanced, so do the futures look brighter and brighter for the times of measurement when it comes to health.

Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.

Association of Normal-Weight Central Obesity With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Postmenopausal Women. JAMA Netw Open. 2019

Waist-Hip Ratio. NIH.

Physiological responses to food intake throughout the day. Nutr Res Rev. 2014

Association between abdominal obesity and alcohol drinking pattern in normal-weight, middle-aged adults. Public Health Nutr. 2017

As marathon season commences across India, many runners have begun to warm up to set and beat their personal records. However, many also wonder: What does it take to get ready for a marathon?

According to Sanjana Rao, a Mumbai-based nutritionist who recently participated in the Tata Mumbai Marathon 2026, the first step to training well is to focus on efficiency.

Rao exclusively told Healthandme: "Running a marathon is not just about clocking miles, it’s about teaching the body to sustain effort efficiently. Having run the Tata Mumbai Marathon twice and worked with distance runners as a nutritionist, I have observed that endurance improves when training focuses on efficiency rather than exhaustion.

"Running volume should increase gradually, with one long run each week to build aerobic capacity. Easy runs form the foundation, while tempo runs and controlled speed sessions help runners sustain faster paces without early fatigue. Consistency matters more than intensity, especially for new runners."

"Endurance is not built by doing more, but by doing the right things consistently. When training and fueling align, runners feel lighter, stronger and better prepared for race day."

Which Exercises Can Help You Build A Marathon-Ready Body?

Cherry Aggarwal, a clinical nutritionist at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital tells Healthandme: "Runners should include structured and compound lower-body strength training exercises such as squats, lunges, step-ups, hip thrusts, and calf raises to improve muscular endurance, joint stability, and running efficiency.

"Single-leg exercises are particularly important as they help correct imbalances and reduce the risk of overuse injuries common in long-distance running. Building strong marathon legs goes beyond just clocking mileage, requiring a combination of smart strength training, progressive running, and targeted nutrition."

And Rao agrees, citing that strength training that focuses on improving full-body movement and power, rather than increasing muscle size should be prioritized while getting ready for a marathon.

She told the publication: "Strength training is often misunderstood in endurance preparation. Many runners rely heavily on heavy back squats and leg presses. While effective for general strength, these lifts can promote quad and adductor hypertrophy, making the legs feel bulky and reducing running economy.

"For marathon runners, strength work should support movement quality and power transfer, not muscle size."

Talking about how long runners should be working out, Rao revealed: "Most runners benefit from at least one complete rest day each week, with 24–48 hours between hard or long runs. In the final week before race day, reducing training volume allows muscles to repair, glycogen stores to replenish and the nervous system to reset."

What Should You Eat To Build Running Stamina?

Rao explained: "A less known yet crucial factor for new runners is gut training. Many runners experience fatigue or discomfort during long runs not because their legs fail, but because the digestive system struggles to absorb fuel while in motion. Like muscles, the gut adapts with repeated exposure.

"Practicing carbohydrate intake during long training runs through sports drinks, bananas or gels helps the intestine improve glucose absorption under stress, which improves sustained energy output. Hydration and electrolytes are critical in India’s hot and humid conditions to prevent cramps and premature fatigue.

Talking about the exact foods you should be eating, Aggarwal said: "From a nutrition standpoint, adequate carbohydrate intake is essential to maintain glycogen stores for long runs as it is the primary fuel, while sufficient protein supports muscle repair and recovery. Iron-rich foods play a crucial role in oxygen transport and endurance capacity, especially for regular runners.

"Foods like whole grains, bananas, potatoes, lentils, lean meats or paneer, nuts, seeds, and leafy greens play a key role. Including healthy fats like omega-3s can help manage inflammation from repetitive impact, while calcium and vitamin D support bone health.

"Hydration and electrolytes are often overlooked but are critical for muscle contraction and preventing cramps. Consistent training, nutritional recovery and sleep together determines how well the marathon legs perform on race day.”

If your knees crack when you stand up or your back lets out a dramatic pop during a morning stretch, you’re definitely not alone. These sounds, medically known as crepitus, are incredibly common. For most people, they are harmless and simply part of how the body moves. Still, those noises can be unsettling, especially when they happen often. So what’s really going on inside your joints, and how do you know when it’s time to pay attention?

Joints are where two bones meet, allowing movement and flexibility. As they move, it’s normal for them to make sounds. Most of the time, these noises are nothing to worry about. But in some cases, they can signal wear and tear or an underlying issue that deserves a closer look.

What Causes Joints to Crack and Pop?

There isn’t just one reason joints make noise. Several everyday processes inside the body can create pops, clicks, or cracks.

Gas bubbles in joint fluid

One of the most common causes is gas escaping from synovial fluid, the liquid that lubricates your joints. This fluid contains gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. When you move suddenly, tiny gas bubbles can form and collapse, creating a popping sound. This is completely normal and does not damage the joint.

Tendons and ligaments shifting

Tendons and ligaments help stabilize joints. Sometimes, they slide over a bone and snap back into place during movement. This can cause clicking or popping, especially in the knees, shoulders, and ankles. It’s often noticed during exercise or when you change positions quickly.

Cartilage wear over time

Cartilage cushions the ends of bones and prevents friction. With age, overuse, or repetitive strain, cartilage can thin out. When that happens, joint surfaces may rub more than usual, leading to grinding or grating sounds. This can be an early sign of osteoarthritis, especially if discomfort is also present.

Tight muscles and limited flexibility

After long periods of sitting or intense workouts, muscles and tendons can tighten. As they move over bones, they may create soft snapping or clicking sounds. This is common in people with sedentary routines or those who repeat the same movements daily.

When Should Joint Noises Raise Concern?

Most cracking and popping is harmless, but certain signs suggest it’s time to be cautious.

Pain, swelling, or warmth around a joint may point to inflammation, ligament injury, or arthritis. A sudden loud crack followed by pain or instability could indicate a tear, particularly in the knee. If popping is paired with stiffness or locking, it may be related to meniscus problems or other structural issues. Joint noises that begin after an injury, such as a fall or sports impact, should always be evaluated.

Does Cracking Joints Cause Arthritis?

Despite what many people were told growing up, cracking your knuckles does not cause arthritis. Research has found no direct link between joint cracking and arthritis development. While excessive cracking might cause mild swelling or temporary discomfort, it does not damage the joints or lead to arthritis.

How to Reduce Joint Popping?

If joint noises bother you, small lifestyle changes can help. Regular movement keeps joints flexible and well-lubricated. Stretching tight muscles and strengthening the muscles around joints can reduce strain. Maintaining a healthy weight lowers pressure on knees and hips. Proper warm-ups, hydration, and a nutrient-rich diet also support joint health.

When To See A Doctor?

Joint sounds alone are usually harmless. But if they come with pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced movement, it’s wise to consult a healthcare professional. Early evaluation can prevent further damage and help you stay mobile and comfortable in the long run.

When it comes to building a strong core, most of us think about exercises like crunches, or sit ups. But there is a lot more to core strength than that. One of the main aspects of core strength is stability and balance. While the floor exercises are helpful, they strain your neck muscles, so what can one do?

You can build a powerful, stable midsection entirely on your feet. Standing core workouts are often more "functional" than traditional crunches because they mimic how your body actually moves in daily life, twisting, carrying, and resisting gravity.

7 Standing Exercises For Strong Core

These are some exercises you can try. They will not only help you build strong core muscles but also build your coordination and balance.

Standing Bicycle Crunches

This move is a fantastic way to wake up your entire abdominal wall. By bringing your opposite knee and elbow together in front of your body, you force your obliques to rotate and your front abs to crunch while standing. It also challenges your brain and balance as you switch from leg to leg. Focus on bringing the knee high rather than just pulling your neck down.

High-Intensity High Knees

This move brings a cardio element to your core training. By quickly driving your knees toward your chest, you engage the lower abdominals and hip flexors. It requires a lot of energy and keeps your heart rate high while forcing your abs to stabilize your upright torso. If the jumping is too much, you can perform it as a slow, powerful march instead.

Standing Dumbbell Side Crunch

Think of this as a side-bend with a purpose. By holding a weight in one hand and leaning toward it, you stretch the opposite side of your waist. The real work happens when you use those side muscles to pull your body back to a perfectly straight, upright position. It is one of the best ways to build lateral strength and define the sides of your torso.

Cable or Band Wood Chop

The wood chop mimics the diagonal motion of swinging an axe, which is a powerful, functional movement. It trains your core to handle rotational force, which is essential for sports like golf or tennis. As you pull the weight across your body, keep your hips stable and let your midsection drive the motion. This builds a core that is both strong and incredibly mobile.

Offset Marching

Holding a weight in one hand while marching forces your body to stabilize against an uneven load. Every time you lift a knee, your core has to fire to prevent you from wobbling or tipping toward the weighted side. This exercise is excellent for improving balance and strengthening the deep "hidden" muscles of the belly that keep your hips and lower back healthy.

The Pallof Press

This is an "anti-rotation" exercise, meaning the goal is to resist movement rather than create it. As you press a cable or band away from your chest, the tension tries to pull you sideways. Your core must stay tight to keep your hands centered. It is a subtle but intense burner that builds incredible stability in the deep abdominal layers and the obliques.

Heavy Suitcase Carry

This exercise is as simple as it is effective. By carrying a heavy weight on just one side, your core must work constantly to keep you from leaning over. This "anti-leaning" action recruits the deep muscles that protect your spine and improve your posture. Imagine there is a string pulling the top of your head toward the ceiling as you take steady, controlled steps.