Apr 17, 2025
Aarushi BhaduryCushing syndrome often leads to a noticeable increase in body weight, with a particular accumulation of fat in the facial area, sometimes referred to as "moon face," and around the abdomen, while the limbs may remain relatively thinner.
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A characteristic sign of elevated cortisol is the development of fatty tissue buildup in the upper back, specifically between the shoulder blades. This is sometimes described as a "buffalo hump" and is a key indicator for diagnosing Cushing syndrome.
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The skin's structure can be affected by high cortisol levels, leading to the formation of broad stretch marks, often with a distinct purple or reddish hue. These are commonly observed on the abdomen, thighs, and breasts due to rapid weight changes and skin thinning.
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Individuals with Cushing syndrome may experience a gradual weakening of the muscles, particularly noticeable in the upper arms and thighs. This proximal muscle weakness can make activities like climbing stairs or lifting objects more challenging.
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Excess cortisol disrupts the body's ability to regulate glucose, frequently resulting in elevated blood sugar levels. Over time, this can lead to the development of insulin resistance and eventually manifest as Type 2 diabetes.
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A persistent and overwhelming feeling of tiredness and lack of energy is a hallmark symptom of adrenal insufficiency. This fatigue is often not relieved by rest and can significantly impact daily activities and overall quality of life.
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Reduced cortisol levels can lead to a decreased appetite and metabolic changes, resulting in a noticeable and unplanned decrease in body weight. This weight loss can occur even without active efforts to diet or exercise.
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Paradoxically, while high cortisol is often associated with high blood pressure, low cortisol can also sometimes lead to elevated blood pressure in certain individuals due to complex hormonal imbalances and compensatory mechanisms within the body.
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In women, adrenal insufficiency can sometimes disrupt the balance of sex hormones, leading to the development of excessive growth of coarse, dark hair in areas where it is typically minimal or absent, such as the face, chest, and back.
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Cortisol plays a role in bone metabolism, and a deficiency can lead to decreased bone density, making
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